Chapter 1 - Overview Flashcards
1
Q
Bios
A
Life
2
Q
Dorsum
A
Back
3
Q
Homeo
A
Unchanging
4
Q
-logy
A
Study of
5
Q
Medianus
A
Situated in the middle
6
Q
Paries
A
Wall
7
Q
Pathos
A
Disease
8
Q
Peri-
A
Around
9
Q
Pronus
A
Inclined forward
10
Q
-stasis
A
Standing
11
Q
Supinus
A
Lying on the back
12
Q
Venter
A
Belly or abdomen
13
Q
The five basic functions of living things
A
Responsiveness, growth, reproduction, movement, metabolism
14
Q
Simplest unit of life
A
Cells
15
Q
Ability of cells to become specialized to perform specific functions
A
Differentiation
16
Q
“A cutting open”
A
Anatomy
17
Q
The study of how living organisms perform their vital functions
A
Physiology
18
Q
The study of internal and external structures and the physical relationship between body parts
A
Anatomy
19
Q
Study of Features you can see
A
Gross anatomy
20
Q
The study of general form and superficial markings
A
Surface anatomy
21
Q
Considers structure of organ systems
A
Systemic anatomy
22
Q
Structures that cannot be seen without magnificaiton (study of)
A
Microscopic anatomy
23
Q
Analyzes the internal structure of individual cells
A
Cytology
24
Q
Examines tissues
A
Histology
25
The study of the functions of living cells
Cell physiology
26
Study of physiology of specific organs
Special physiology
27
Considers all the aspects of the function of specific organ systems
Systemic physiology
28
The study of the effects of diseases on organ/system functions
Pathological physiology/pathology
29
6 levels of organization smallest to largest
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
30
Protects against environmental hazards; helps body control temp
Integumentary system
31
Provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells
Skeletal system
32
Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat
Muscular system
33
Directs immediate response to stimuli, usually coordination the activities of other organ systems
Nervous system
34
Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems
Endocrine system
35
Transports cells and dissolves materials; including nutrients, washes, and gases
Cardiovascular system
36
Defens against infection and disease
Lymphatic system
37
Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood
Respiratory system
38
Processes food and absorbs nutrients
Digestive system
39
Eliminates excess water, salts, and wast products
Urinary system
40
Produces sex cells and hormones
Reproductive system
41
The existence of a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
42
Sensitive to a particular environmental change or stimulus
Receptor
43
Reviews and processes info from the receptor
Control center/integration center
44
A cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center
Effector
45
Subjective, something a patients experiences
Symptom
46
Objectively observable/measurable physical indication of disease
Sign
47
A variation outside normal limited triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation
Negative feedback
48
Control of body temp
Thermoregulation
49
The initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus
Positive feedback
50
Hands at the sides with palms facing forward and feet together
Anatomical position
51
Person laying down face up in AP is
Supine
52
Person laying down in AP facing down is
Prone
53
4 abdominopelvic regions
Right upper quadrant, left up quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant
54
The front
Anterior
55
The belly side
Ventral
56
Back
Posterior
57
Head
Cranial/cephalic
58
Above
Superior
59
Tail
Caudral
60
Below
Inferior
61
Towards the bodies longitudinal axis
Medial
62
Away from the body’s longitudinal axis
Lateral
63
Toward the attached base
Proximal
64
Away from the attached base
Distal
65
At, near, or close to body’s surface
Superficial
66
Farther away from the body surface
Deep
67
Dividing body left and right
Sagittal plane
68
Dividing front and back
Frontal/coronal plane
69
Dividing top and bottom half’s
Transverse plane
70
Everything deep to the chest wall
Thoracic cavity
71
All the structures deep to the abdominal and pelvic walls
Abdominopelvic cavity
72
The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity are separated by
Diaphragm
73
Contains respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
Ventral cavity
74
Internal organs that are partially or completely enclosed by these cavities
Viscera
75
Delicate layer that lines internal cavities and surrounds the viscera
Serous membrane
76
Serous membran that covers inside cavity visceral organs
Visceral layer
77
Serous membran that covers the inside wall of cavity
Parietal layer
78
Contains pericardial and two pleural cavities
Thoracic cavity
79
Cavity that heart projects into
Pericardial cavity
80
The serous membrane surrounding the heart
Pericardium
81
Layer covering heart
Visceral pericardium
82
Layer on inside wall near heart
Parietal paricardium
83
A membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ
Mediastinum
84
Covers lungs
Visceral pleura
85
Covers inside wall of mediastinum
Parietal pleura
86
Extends from diaphragm to pelvis
Abdominopelvic cavity
87
The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into two sections, the
Superiors abdominal cavity and the inferior pelvic cavity
88
Chamber lined by serous membrane
Peritoneum
89
Contains liver, stomach, spleen, small intestine, and most of large intestine
Abdominal cavity
90
Contains distal portion of large intestine, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
Pelvic cavity
