Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AnatomyOP > Chapter 6 - Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Five primary functions of the skeletal system

A

Support, storage, blood cell production, protection, and movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Supporting connective tissue that contains specialized cells and a matrix consisting of extracellular protein fibers and a ground substance

A

Osseous tissue/bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Four shapes of bones

A

Long, short, flat, and irregular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The humerus is what type of bone

A

Long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The carpal bones are what type of bone

A

Short

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Central shaft of long bone

A

Diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Wider portions at each end of long bone

A

Epiphyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two types of long bone?

A

Spongy and compact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Outer most layer of bone that attaches muscle

A

Periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lining of long bone marrow cavities

A

Endosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where would you find the endosteum?

A

In the bone marrow of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Another name for bones

A

Osseous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Each row of bone

A

Lamellae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Empty space left behind after mature cells are removed

A

Lacunae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Circular arrangement for compact bone

A

Osteon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mature bone cell found between lamellae

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

One row of bone tissue

A

Lamellae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Empty beds where osteocytes sit on

A

Lacunae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Another name for osteon

A

Haversion system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Finger-like projections coming out of the lacunae where lacunae can complicate with on another

A

Canaliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lining inside of trabeculae bone

A

Endosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Breaks down bow matrix to make calcium available

A

Osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In mature bone cells that make and synthesize bone tissue

A

Osteoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Mature bone cells are known as ________
Osteocytes
26
Bone building cells are called
Osteoblasts
27
_______ are bone-absorbing cells
Osteoblasts
28
If the activity of osteoclasts exceeds that of osteoblasts in a bone,how will the mass of the bone be affected?
The mass of the bone will go down
29
Process of bone formation that replaces preexisting tissues
Ossification
30
The deposition of mineral salts
Calcification
31
Formation of bone derived from embryological tissues
Intramembranous ossification
32
Bone formation that replaces cartilage
Endochondral ossification
33
Flat bones on head are formed through
Intramebranous
34
Long bones formed through
Endochondral
35
Remnant of epiphyseal plate.There is no more cartilage that can be replaced
Epiphyseal line
36
______ erode inner surface as you age
Osteoclasts
37
Synthesized in skin cells
Vitamin D3
38
Important to synthesis of bone matrix
Vitamin A and C
39
Promotes bone formation
Calcitonin
40
Stimulates osteoclasts activity to make calcium available in blood stream
PTH
41
During intramembranous ossification, which type of tissue is replaced by bone?
Mesenchyme
42
How could x-rays of the femur be used to determine whether a person had reached full height
If they reveal an epiphyseal line instead of a plate
43
A child who enters puberty several years later than the average is generally taller than average, why?
Puberty will have a bigger impact on a taller child.
44
Why are pregnant women given calcium supplements and encourages to drink milk even though their skeletons are fully formed?
Promotes infant bone growth
45
Process in which we recycle and replace bone tissue
Bone remodeling
46
What fraction of skeletal mass is replaced each year in young adults?
1/5
47
Key to maintaining normal bone structure and strength
Exercise
48
PTH and Calcitriol are ______ with one another
Antagonistic
49
Describe bone remodeling
The process in which there is a turnover rate for bone where it is recycled and replaced
50
Why would you expect the arm bones of a wight lifter to be thicker and heavier than those of a jogger?
Higher levels of stress promote bone thickness
51
What general effects do the hormones PTH, calcitriol, and calcitonin have on blood calcium levels?
PTH and calcitriol will have the same outcome - increase level of calcium in blood. Calcitonin does the opposite, decreases concentration of calcium
52
Part of skeleton that includes the skull, thoracic cage, and vertebral column
Axial skeleton
53
Part of skeleton that contains pelvic girdle, upper limbs, pectoral girdle, and lower limbs
Appendicular skeleton
54
What does a tuberosity, trochanter,and a spine have in common?
They are all extensions of a particular bone
55
Appendicular or Axial? Clavicle
Appendicular
56
Appendicular or Axial? Femur
Appendicular
57
Appendicular or Axial? RIb #12
Axial
58
Appendicular or Axial? Mandible
Axial
59
Appendicular or Axial? Humerus
Appendicular
60
Provides surface area for attachment of muscles that support
Axial skeleton
61
Functions to protect brain, brain stem, and serabellum,
Skull
62
How many bones from the cranium
8
63
How many bones form the facial bones?
14
64
Separate bones in the skull
Sutures
65
Suture separating frontal and parietal bone
Coronal suture
66
Suture separating the parietal and temporal bones
Squamous suture
67
Suture separating the parietal and occipital bones
Lamboid suture
68
The cranial bones are connected with connective tissue called
Frontanelles
69
Flexible soft spots that allow for easier delivery of the head
Frontanelles
70
The maxilla is part of the _____ cranium
Viscera
71
Name one one that contributes to the nasal septum
Vomer, palatine, and Ethmoid
72
Functions to protect CNS
Vertebral column
73
Name the regions of the spine in order from top to bottom
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
74
How many vertebrae in cervical region
7
75
How many vertebrae in thoracic region
12
76
How many vertebrae is lumbar region
5
77
How many vertebrae in sacral region
5
78
How many vertebrae in coccyx region
3-5
79
Thoracic and sacral are _______ while lumbar and cervical are _____
Convex, concave
80
Primary curves are
Thoracic and sacral
81
Secondary curves are
Cervical and lumbar
82
Exaggerated thoracic curve
Kyphosis
83
Exaggerated lumbar curve
Lordosis
84
Abnormal lateral curve
Scoliosis
85
_________ can develope lordosis
Pregnant women
86
Where the spinal cord is housed
Vertebral canal
87
How man pairs of true ribs
7
88
How many pairs of false ribs
5
89
How many pairs of floating ribs
2
90
Three parts of the sternum
Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
91
In adults, five large vertebrae fuse to form what single structure?
Sacrum
92
Why are the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae so large?
They will withstand and resist most of the compressive forces. They are the most load-bearing
93
What are the differences between true and false ribs?
A true rib is a vertebral eternal rib while a false rib converges on large costal cartilage
94
An important CPR landmark in the rib cage is...
The xiphoid process

AnatomyOP (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions