Chapter 1: Prehistoric Art Definitions

Question 1

Aurochs

Answer 1

Something like a cow/ox thing

Question 2

Bronze Age

Answer 2

Age when metal became popular

Question 3

Cairn

Answer 3

Pile that served both as prehistoric burial site and as a maker

Question 4

Capstone

Answer 4

Final, optimist stone in a corebelled arch or vault, which joints the sides and completes the structure

Question 5

Corbel

Answer 5

Early roofing and arching technique where each course of stone projects slightly beyond the previous layer, until upper most corbels meet

Question 6

Dolmen

Answer 6

Prehis structure made up of 2 or more larger upright stones, supporting a large, flat, horizontal slab, or slabs

Question 7

Henge

Answer 7

Circular area enclosed by stones or wood posts set up by neolithic peoples

Question 8

Ice Age

Answer 8

(idk just think of the movie)

Question 9

Megalithic

Answer 9

Large Stone used in some prehistoric architecture (neolithic)

Question 10

Composite Pose

Answer 10

Combining different viewpoints within a single representation (making paintings look more alive)

Question 11

Lintel

Answer 11

Horizontal element of any material carried by 2 or more vertical supports to form an opening

Question 12

Menhir

Answer 12

Tall upright stone

Question 13

Mortise and Tenon

Answer 13

Method of jointing 2 elements

Question 14

Olduvai Gorge

Answer 14

Important site in Tanzania

Question 15

Ompahalos

Answer 15

Round stone representing Navel of earth

Question 16

Paleolithic

Answer 16

Early stage of stone age

Question 17

Passage Grave

Answer 17

Prehistoric tomb under a cairn

Question 18

Neanderthal

Answer 18

ice age people lmao

Question 19

Analogy

Answer 19

Comparison between 2 things,

Question 20

Relative Dating

Answer 20

Archeological process of determining relative chronological relationships among excavated objects

Question 21

Absolute dating

Answer 21

Assigning historical date/years in which an object was made

Question 22

Relief Sculpture

Answer 22

Surrounding material carved away to form a background that sets off the projecting figure

Question 23

Sculpture in the Round

Answer 23

3D sculpture that’s carved free of any background or block

Question 24

Thatch

Answer 24

Plant material (reeds or straw) tied over a framework of poles to make a roof, shelter, or a small building.

Question 25

Totem

Answer 25

(totem poles?)

Question 26

Vault

Answer 26

arched masonary structure that spans an interior space

Question 27

Wattle and Daub

Answer 27

Wall construction method combining upright branches, woven with twigs (wittles) and plastered or filled with clay or mud (daub)

Question 28

Stone Age

Answer 28

Stone was like super important back then and stuff

Question 29

BCE

Answer 29

Before common era

Question 30

CE

Answer 30

Common Era

Question 31

Photo: Women from Willendorf

Answer 31

Austria, c. 24,000 BCE - Previously known as the Venus of Willendorf - Spherical Volumes - Healthy, mature female form - Recent interpretations more nuanceds: according to gamble, possibly nonverbal communication between groups of Paleolithic People. - Most people believed to be pregnant because of wide hops and widen belly

Question 32

Photo: Woman from Dolni

Answer 32

Vestonice Czec Republic. 23,000 BCE - Raw Early form of process/performance art - Fired clay figures intended to be exploded in kin - Healthy mature female form - Early use of fire to make durable objects from clay

Question 33

Photo: Women from Brassempouty

Answer 33

France, c. 30,000 BCE - hair or headress carved into a girl

Question 34

Photo: Wall painting with Horses, Rhinos, and Aurochs

Answer 34

France, c. 32000-30000 BCE - Supprimosed figures of animals - Occasional male and female human figures - Handprints - Geometric markings - Handprints blown onto the wall

Question 35

Photo: Bird Headed man with Bison

Answer 35

Lascaux Cave, c. 15000 BCE - Narrative --> tells a story - Man with bird head laying on ground (mask?) - Disemboweled bison - Atlatl - Composite pose drawing

Question 36

Photo: Bison Ceiling of a Cave

Answer 36

Spain, c. 12500 BCE - Upper Paleolithic - Painting incorporates natural features of rock walls/ceiling - red and brown bison flanks backs

Question 37

Photo: Stonehenge

Answer 37

England, c. 2900-1500 BCE - Megalithic monument - blue stone and gargen stone - Lintels/mortsie-and tennon joints - Changes in material/uses over time - Ceremonies linked to death and burial evident form contextual status - faced towards the sun

Question 38

Photo: Akimodo Type Pottery

Answer 38

Japanese type - Earliest examples of Neolithic pottery - Reduced by Hunter-gatherer Society

Question 39

Photo: Human Figure from "Ain Gahzal"

Answer 39

65000 BCE - bundled twig cores - Clothes painted on figures - Powerful legs but skinny arms/hands - Figures found buries in pits