Chapter 1 (Properties of life) Flashcards
Acronym for properties of life
ospmrarg
Properties of life: O
cells exhibit ordermade of parts/organelles with specific functions
Properties of life: S
Cells are assembled from same kind of atoms/molecules/macromolecules
Properties of life: P
cells process energy and obey the same laws of energy
What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?
Conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another (transformation)
What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?
cells require continual energy input from food (cellular respiration) or form sunlight (photosynthesis)
What do these 2 laws of energy help explain? (2)
- Energy flows but do not cycle2. Sunlight —> chemical energy —> kinetic energy (transformation of one form of energy to another)
Properties of life: M (also R)
cells metabolize (perform chemical activities) and they need to regulatethese activities to maintain homeostasis.
What does metabolize mean?
perform chemical activities
What does homeostasis mean?
Balanced internal environment
Properties of life: R (first one)
Cells can respond to specific conditions in the environment
How do cells respond to conditions of their environment?
they change their metabolism, pattern of behavior
How fast do cells respond to specific conditions of their environment?
Immediate
Properties of life: A
cells are adapted to their environment
How do cells adapt to their environment?
evolutionary adaption
How fast do cells adapt to their environment?
They evolve (it takes time and maybe even centuries)
What property of life is described? A stick insect resembles the twig (stick) it sits on? [Image]
Evolutionary adaptation
What property of life best matches the following statement?Cells extract energy from glucose to synthesize ATP, a form of chemical energy in the cell
Energy transfer
Properties of life: R (2nd)
Cells can reproduce
What does reproduction of the cell imply?
Pass on traits to offspring through heritable instructions in DNA.
Properties of life: G
Growth and development
A caterpillar transforms into a butterfly over time. Which property of life does this demonstrate?
Growth and development – The caterpillar undergoes metamorphosis, a developmental process that changes its structure and function.
A human sweats when it is hot to cool down. Which property of life does this demonstrate?
Regulation – Sweating helps regulate body temperature and maintain homeostasis.
A Venus flytrap closes when a fly lands on it. Which property of life does this demonstrate? [Image]
Response to the environment – The plant reacts immediately to the stimulus of touch by closing its trap.
