Chapter 1 (textbook) Flashcards
(22 cards)
social psychology
A scientific study of the way in which a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others
hypothesis
a testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur
scientific method
a technique for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, and/or correcting previous knowledge
self‐perception
– how we think about ourselves
-dependent on our sociocultural environment
self‐presentation
– how people work to convey certain images of themselves to others
social perception
how people form impressions of and make inferences about other people and events in the social world
social cognition
– how we think about the social world, and in particular how we select, interpret, and use information to make judgments about the world
-type of social perception
social influence
– the impact of other people’s attitudes and behaviours on our thoughts, feelings, and behaviour
self‐fulfilling prophecy
the process by which people’s expectations about a person lead them to elicit behaviour that confirms these expectations
behaviourism
– a theory of learning that describes people’s behaviour as acquired through conditioning
Gestalt psychology
– a theory that proposes objects are viewed holistically
-looks at objects as a whole rather than specific objectives
positive psychology
– a recent branch of psychology that studies individuals’ strengths and virtues
hindsight bias
– the tendency to see a given outcome as inevitable once the actual outcome is known
4 principals for ethical research
1) respect for the dignity of persons and peoples
2) responsible caring
3) integrity in relationships
4) responsibility to society
social cognitive perspective
how we think about ourselves and the social world with a focus on how we make judgements and decisions about our social environment
evolutionary psychology
examines how biological factors can influence people’s behaviour
social neuroscience
– a sub‐discipline of social psychology examining how factors in the social world influence activity in the brain, as well as how neural processes influence attitudes and behaviour
behavioural economics
the study of how social, cognitive, and emotional factors influence economic decisions
sociocultural perspective
– a perspective describing people’s behaviour and mental processes as being shaped in part by their social and/or cultural context
Individualism/Collectivism
– A value dimension that focuses on the degree that people are integrated into groups including family and their community
Social constructionism
– the view that there is no absolute reality and that our knowledge and what we understand to be reality are socially constructed
how social psychology evolved over time
- behaviourism
- Gestalt psychology
-historical events
