Chapter 1 Video Questions for Test Flashcards
1
Q
Which people conquered throughout history?
A
Israelites
2
Q
What is the significance of the Hebrew Bible?
A
Taught people to understand what was right and wrong. It taught how they should treat one another
3
Q
What was the most important possession for the Judeans?
A
The temple of Solomen
4
Q
Where were the people of Jerusalem sent into exile?
A
In Babylon
5
Q
How did the Judeans fight back?
A
They fought by writing a book, rewriting and edit the stories of their past, the first edition of the Hebrew Bible, was the first book ever, a guide to living.
6
Q
Are the stories in the Hebrew Bible true?
A
Are true in some senses and in some senses not, wanted to expand on events for us morally edifying.
7
Q
Who was Abraham?
A
Father of all Jews, born in Pesipatiam
8
Q
What did God ask of Abraham?
A
Leave your country for a country I show and I will give you a great nation. Sacrifice his son yet let him sacrifice a ram instead (was a test to see if he would obey faithfully)
9
Q
God promised what to Abraham?
A
I will shower blessings upon you and make descendants many
10
Q
Which three religions are associated with Abraham?
A
Islam, Christianity, and Judaism
11
Q
Who was Moses?
A
Unlikely hero, his family fled from Egypt, he had to flee Egypt because he killed an Egyptian that was abusing an Israelite slave, he married a no mad’s daughter which he tended the father in laws sheep,
12
Q
What did God ask of Moses?
A
God appeared in a flaming bush, sent him to bring the Israelites out of Egypt (Pharoh)
13
Q
Why is the Hebrew account of Egypt difficult to accept?
A
Exodus, how did the dessert support 2 to 3 million people, when it could only support 1 to 2 thousand, for the scribes it happened a long time ago (700 hundred years ago), they could communicate the lessons even if not historically accurate
14
Q
How does God present the laws to Moses?
A
Face to face descended human interaction, on mountain sionide,
15
Q
The Ten Commandants are described
A
How humans interact to one another, covenant between God and the Israelites.
16
Q
What does God give to the Children of Israel?
A
promised Land, yarweh
17
Q
What occurred after Moses death?
A
The Israelites invaded the land of Canaan, walls of Jericho fell bc of God, and they won it back through military victories (according to the Bible)
18
Q
Are the Hebrews Canaanites?
A
According to history yes, the Hebrews were the underdogs of society, we know this bc of pottery.
19
Q
How do they (Hebrews) become a people?
A
By telling stories to spread culture- inspiring
20
Q
Why was the story of King David special?
A
Realism, difunctionally family and person, could not be ignored. A peasant at first turned king bc of god.
21
Q
What was the purpose of Samuel’s journey?
A
To go to Jesse’s home to search for the future king, he picked David the youngest bc of his heart
22
Q
Who was Saul? What is Saul’s connection to David?
A
A Hebrew king that angered God, he invited David into the palace to play the harp to soothe him. David became like a son. David fought Galioth after word reached the palace.
23
Q
What do the Hebrew’s stress repeatedly in their stories?
A
The idea that there is something more important in the affairs of men than physical power
24
Q
What happened to the relationship between Saul and David?
A
Saul became jealous and tried to kill David again and again. David fled Saul’s court and became an outlaw.
King Saul died in a battle and not by David
25
What was David’s greatest challenge when he becomes King?
Using his power wisely, best stories come from his failures
26
What “passion” does David have?
Women, love affairs
Woman on rooftop bathing
Bathsheba- pregnant
Has husband killed in battle – arranged
27
Why did David commit murder?
To cover up his adultery
28
Who is above the law?
Really God
29
What was God’s punishment for David?
Cursed David and his descendants
Says his household will never be free from the sword
David is betrayed by his favorite son and grew to be a frail and lonely old man
Breaking of commandments and years following David were awful
30
What happened to the northern Israelites?
720 bc, assyrians conquered the northern ten tribes, deported them the far regions of their empire and were lost to history, Judah threated the last ones
31
In 640 BC, what threats did Judea face?
Assyria, Egypt and Babylon
32
According to scholars, when did monotheism take hold?
The 6th centruy
33
What was discovered in The Temple?
An unknown book written by Moses called Deuteronomy
34
How did this “find” help establish monotheism?
It banned the worship of passion and other pagan gods, it said that Yahweh himself could only be worshipped at the Temple in Jerusalem
35
What did Josiah do to the shrines outside the Temple? Why was this significant?
He destroyed them, which the kings of Israel had built to provoke Yahweh’s anger, Israelites had been making sacrifices on these “high places” for centuries, all the priests were slaughtered by him and his soldiers and on those alters he burned their bodies, a MAJOR RELIGIOUS revolution of ancient Israel, centralized sacrifices, beginning of monotheism in Isareal
36
What did the “social prophets” stress?
If you have wealth must be shared, feeding the poor, it didn’t matter if you went to church or not you were still failing god, demanded us to care and love one another (the prophets say this is how you find god)
Jermiah’s teaching of Deurotomy- If you truly treat one another fairly, if you do not steal from the stranger the orphan or the widow, if you do not shed the innocent blood and if you do not follow other gods then I shall let you stay in this place of your ancestors
37
Who conquered Judea? (Which nation)
Babylon
38
What transformation takes place in their exile in Babylon?
As they read and studied the bible their vision of who they were was transformed and came to an understanding of why they were in Babylon from reading the Bible
39
Why was Tutankhamen’s death so important?
His death marked the end of Egypt’s most powerful dynasty and the beginning of great unsettlety, no heir to the throne
40
How large was the Empire?
For Syria to Nubia/Sudan in the south
41
Who threatens Egypt?
Hittites, more technologically advanced
42
What did Ramses name mean?
Offspring of the sun God Ra
43
How did Ramses family win the throne?
Worked for the king but not royal blood
Military powers
44
What advantages did the Hittite Empire have?
The new king of Egypt was young and unexperienced, iron armory
45
How was the battle of Kadesh portrayed? What was the actual outcome?
Ramses had a surprise attack because his informers about the Hittites were spies and gave misinformation. Ramses’ reinforcements come at the last minute and hold off the Hittites but it isn’t enough to capture Kadesh though they win. They did hold them from coming south into Egypt. Ramses was sure he was going to win therefore he tells of his unreal “victory” to the Egyptian people and starts a propaganda campaign. He has artisans carve his depiction of the battle with claims he won a clear victory and not his reinforcements but he himself that saved the day and charged alone against the Hittites with his scorching breath, he was left alone according to him. Temples walls depicted this win.
46
Why did Ramses sign a treaty with the Hittite Empire?
He did secretly because he knew him army couldn’t defeat the Hittite’s, therefore he negotiated
47
How was this treaty a model for today?
It involved at the time two super power nations, it was a peaceful agreement and they blended the nations with the Hittite princess marrying Ramses
48
Where was the new capital? Where was the old capital?
Northern compared to old Per Ramesses (house of Ramses meaning) Thebes (old)
49
Why was secrecy important for the workers building the tombs?
Workers couldn’t be asked for information or interrupted in their journey to work Were the Pharoh tomb builder and held the empire’s greatest secret: the location of the royal tombs with the richest and treasures of past kings in the hills near their village
50
Describe the elaborate tombs.
The tombs were dug/carved out of the mountains and adorned with scenes and heliographic on tombs walls explaining rituals and spells that were necessary to journey to the afterlife, guiding the Pharoh to the after life, one mistake in the writings or scenes and the king might not make it to the next life
51
What was the greatest gift Ramses gave to his favourite wife?
Her tomb, most exquisite taste, the colors and overall taste, ultimate tribute to his wife
52
What was type of records described the everyday life in Egypt?
Writings on stone flakes and pottery shards, notes, correspondences, recipes, poems, love letters, etc.
Dates of who was ill, detailed, scandals and gossip
Also paintings
53
What type of life did the common people desire in the afterlife?
Idealized versions of everyday life
54
How many children does Ramses supposedly father?
80 sons, 60 daughters (talks less of daughters)
55
Describe how Ramses builds and why he builds so much.
He builds monuments, big and new scale for Egypt, carved in rock as he called himself –ruler of rulers-, temples revamped and rebuilt, put his name on past monuments, redid entryways of monuments of again himself, he wanted to make sure everyone realized who he was
56
What does Ramses build at Karnak?
134 columns in the shape of paparess each 69 feet tall, 6 feet wide, and over 100 tons, past pharohs had always built monuments at the holiest temple but he out did them
57
How did Ramses honor his wife in death?
Had her body sealed in her tomb, turned 2 mountains into temples one for teffertari and one for himself, at southern most border to show everyone not to mess with Egypt and overlooked the Nile, was a piece of propaganda
58
How did the Egyptians use propaganda?
to indicate their power and it shows you can't mess with Egypt
59
Why Ramses was long life a curse?
While he lived a long life his children started dying before him one by one, he named 12 king princes only to watch them die
60
What was the House of Life purpose?
The scribes there manufactured the image Ramses projected to the world, texts glorifying him, managed campaign funds and the designers of his buildings and monuments, ministry of propaganda and manufacture the larger-than-life image of their king, image makers, all the records were stored here of intellectual knowledge, gave Egypt an intellectual library for the future
61
How are the Greeks described?
Arrogant, valiant, Glorious, head strong, laid foundation for western civilization
62
What are some of the things the Greeks contribute to world history?
Saw the birth of science and politics, philosophy, literature, drama, art and architecture, conquering through navy and military strengths
63
Who is Cleisthene’s?
Raised to be a ruler, saw his people had the right to shape their own destiny therefore he set the fellow Greeks to empire, grew up in privilege, family stole wealth to gain power
DEMOCRACY
64
What is the acropolis?
A steep sided, elevated outcrop of bare rock a stronghold from which the Athenians could fend off the attacks of their neighbors
65
Describe early Greek life.
Mud-brick homes with no sewage, working in the fields or basic crafts, women's stayed in the home cooking spinning weaving, reading and writing was a rare skill, life expectancy less than 15 years, Life was nasty, brutish, short, extremely tough, aristocratic elite ruled politically, injustice, the whole country was controlled by a few people
66
How is the Greek terrain described?
Not ideal; too many mountains, not physical unity
67
What Great Civilizations are also present at this time? (greek)
Egypt, Persian empire
68
What is a city state?
Tiny nations, each fiercely independent, each with its own culture and history
69
Argos one aspect of Greek city
old, citizens were able to trace their history back to the mythical days of the Trojan War
70
Corinthians one aspect of this Greek city
dominated greek trade, ships plied the Mediterranean ferrying goods back and forth from Egypt, assyria and Italy
71
Sparta one aspect of this Greek city
military power, brought up from birth to be soldiers, raised in the field separated from their families, lives structured around discipline and war
72
How do other Greeks view the Spartans?
Had few possessions except for their weapons and cloaks dyed red to conceal their or other victims bloods, death was nothing to eating their food, ruthless expansionists, had slaves (helots), seen as a threat
73
What inspires the Greeks?
Their stories, ancient tales and myths (they had people that traveled and told these stories as writings had not developed yet)
74
How are the tales of the Odyssey and Iliad described?
Told by traveling singers, composed by Homer, they both tell of mighty battles and epic struggles and at the heart lie the heroes
75
What is the Greek definition of a hero?
Doers of great deeds
76
What is the story of how Peisistratus gained control of Athens?
A tall beautiful women thought to be the patrine goddess of Athens, Athena, traveled alongside him (though she wasn’t the true goddess she was thought to be and he demanded power, he had the protection of the godess and was simply welcomed
77
What actions does Peisistratus take to help the average Athenian?
He undermined the artistocrat’s rules, reduced taxes and offered free loans so they could build up their farms, offered prosperity
78
What agricultural product turns Athens into an economic superpower?
Olive trees
79
How is the Mediterranean described with regard to trade opportunities?
Greeks were scattered Connected Greece, Athens was situated perfectly to export to entire eastern Mediterranean, everyone had something to sell,
80
How is Athenian pottery different from other pottery?
New style of painting, naturalism compared to assyrian and egyptian geometric designs
81
Who is Hippias?
Peisistraus’ son
82
How is the tyranny of Hippias different that that of Peisistratus?
Followed father and was fair but then imperialist nature
83
What event changes the way Hippias governs?
Hippias’ brother’s murdure
84
What group of people did Hippias believe is his greatest threat to his power?
Aristocrats
85
What finally happens to Hippias?
Calastonees established a conspiracy, Hippias was trapped in his stronghold and captured and vanished from Athens forever
86
What was the goal of Spartan society?
Utopia (creation of perfect society)
87
What do Spartan men not do?
Fish, farm, manufacture, or trade
88
What was the goal of Spartan men?
Fight, training, fighting out with male peers.
89
What was the place of rejection?
Where newly born children were thrown if they didn’t live up to Spartan standards of physical perfection (the deposits)
90
Who decides in Sparta whether a child in Sparta survives?
The city elders
91
Who defends state eugenics?
Adolf Hitler
92
Describe early Spartan training for boys
Age 7 taken from their families placed in training system, treated a little better than animals, in the mountains, ollder kids were put in charge of a “herd”, one cloak for on year, food supplies low and were encouraged to steal to get nourishment
93
What was the Secret Service Brigade?
Reserved for boys that showed particular promise, murdered hillites with knives, blood thirsty children, kept slave population quiet and in check, boys tested against eachother constantally and own limitations
94
Describe the rite of passage at age 12 for Spartan boys.
Brutal, steal as many cheeses as possible after getting through a line of boys armed with no mercy, if sustained injuries, some were even beaten to death
95
Why were music and dancing essential for Spartan warriors?
Coordination, rhythmic drill with music communicating the way to go in war, most musical and warlike of people
96
Describe the rite of passage at age 20.
Election to one of the common mess (gentlemen club) when not training or fighting, voted by current members but could become black balled, public humiliated and excluded, most crucial test, set life up
97
What benefits do men receive when they join a common mess?
Land from the state, halite slaves, top of hierarchy
98
What was Black Soup?
Served everyday in the common messes, boiled pigs blood and vinegar starts with a “m”
