MU H. GEO > Chapter 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Fieldwork

A

The study of phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places

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2
Q

Human Geography

A

One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human population and its cultures activities and landscapes

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3
Q

Globalization

A

The expansion of economic, political and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. They transcend state boundaries

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4
Q

Physical Geography

A

One of the two major divisions of systematic geography. The spatial analysis of the structure process and location of the earths natural phenomena such as climate soil plants animals and topography

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5
Q

Spatial

A

Pertaining to space on the earths surface

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6
Q

Spatial Distribution

A

Physical location of geographic phenomena across space

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7
Q

Pattern

A

The design of spatial distribution

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8
Q

Medical Geography

A

The study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective

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9
Q

Pandemic

A

An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide

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10
Q

Epidemic

A

Regional outbreak of a disease

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11
Q

Spatial Perspective

A

Observing variations in geographic phenomena across space

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12
Q

Five Themes

A

Developed by the Geography Educational National Implementation: location, human environment, region, place, and movement

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13
Q

Location

A

The geographical situation of people and things

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14
Q

Location theory

A

A logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated

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15
Q

Human environment

A

Reciprocal relationship between humans and environment

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16
Q

Region

A

An area on the earths surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon

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17
Q

Place

A

Uniqueness of a location

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18
Q

Sense of Place

A

State of kind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and motion by remembering important events that occurred in this place with a certain character

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19
Q

Perception of Place

A

Belief or understanding about a place developed through books movies stories or pictures

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20
Q

Movement

A

The mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the surface of the planet

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21
Q

Spatial interaction

A

The degree of flow of people ideas and goods among places

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22
Q

Distance

A

Measurement of the physical space between two places

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23
Q

Accessibility

A

The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certain location from other locations. Varies from place to place and can be measured

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24
Q

Connectivity

A

Connectedness of a node in the world economy to other nodes along networks

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25
Landscapes
The overall appearance of an area. Natural and human made influences
26
Cultural Landscapes
The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape
27
Sequent Occupance
The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape
28
Cartography
The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design
29
Reference maps
Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude
30
Thematic Maps
Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographical phenomenon
31
Absolute location
The position or place of a certain item on the surface of the earth as expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds of latitude and longitude
32
Global Positioning System
Satellite system for determining the absolute location of a place or geographic features
33
Geocaching
A hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geocachers
34
Relative Location
The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places
35
Mental Map
Image or picture of the way space is organized as determined by an individuals perception, impression, and knowledge of that space
36
Activity Space
The space within which daily activity occurs
37
Terra Incognita
Areas on maps that are not well defined bc they are off-limits or unknown to the map maker
38
Remote Sensing
A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study
39
Geographic Information Systems
A collection of computer hardware and software that permits special data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed and displayed to the user
40
Rescale
Involvement of players at other scales to generate support for a position or an initiative
41
Formal region
A type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena
42
Functional Region
A region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it
43
Perceptual Region
A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity. The south
44
Culture
The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society
45
Cultural Trait
A single element of normal practice in a culture
46
Cultural Complex
A related set of cultural traits
47
Cultural Hearth
Heartland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture
48
Independent Invention
The term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other
49
Diffusion
The spatial spreading or dissemination of a culture element or some other phenomenon
50
Time-Distance Decay
The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source
51
Cultural Barrier
Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas, or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture
52
Expansion Diffusion
The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination
53
Hierarchical Diffusion
A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by first passing among the most connected places or people
54
Contagious Diffusion
The distance controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person
55
Stimulus Diffusion
A form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place
56
Relocation Diffusion
Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carriers agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to new ones
57
Geographic Concept
Ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in answering research questions
58
Environmental Determinism
The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development
59
Possibilism
Geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism- that holds the human decision making, not the environment, as the crucial factor in cultural development
60
Cultural Ecology
The multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment
61
Political Ecology
An approach to studying nature-society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated
MU H. GEO
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