Chapter 1 What is Organizational Behavior

Question 1

An individual who achieves goals through other people.

Answer 1

manager

Question 2

A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Answer 2

organization

Question 3

A process that includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities.

Answer 3

planning

Question 4

Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.

Answer 4

organizing

Question 5

A function that includes motivating employees, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts.

Answer 5

leading

Question 6

Monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations.

Answer 6

controlling

Question 7

The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise.

Answer 7

technical skills

Question 8

The ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups.

Answer 8

human skills

Question 9

The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations.

Answer 9

conceptual skills

Question 10

Decision making, planning, and controlling.

Answer 10

Traditional management.

Question 11

Exchanging routine information and processing paperwork.

Answer 11

Communication.

Question 12

Motivating, disciplining, managing conflict, staffing, and training.

Answer 12

Human resources management

Question 13

Socializing, politicking, and interacting with outsiders.

Answer 13

Networking

Question 14

A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.

Answer 14

organizational behavior (OB)

Question 15

Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence.

Answer 15

systematic study

Question 16

Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence.

Answer 16

evidence-based management (EBM)

Question 17

An instinctive feeling not necessarily supported by research.

Answer 17

intuition

Question 18

Why is Management by walking around not useful?

Answer 18

-Available hours.
-Focus.
-Application.
Management should therefore not substitute walking around for true management

Question 19

The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

Answer 19

psychology

Question 20

An area of psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology to focus on the influence of people on one another.

Answer 20

social psychology

Question 21

The study of people in relation to their social environment or culture.

Answer 21

sociology

Question 22

The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.

Answer 22

anthropology

Question 23

Situational factors or variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables.

Answer 23

contingency variables

Question 24

The concept that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics.

Answer 24

workforce diversity

Question 25

An area of OB research that studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential.

Answer 25

positive organizational scholarship

Question 26

Situations in which individuals are required to define right and wrong conduct.

Answer 26

ethical dilemmas and ethical choices

Question 27

An abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.

Answer 27

model

Question 28

Variables that lead to processes.

Answer 28

inputs

Question 29

Actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes.

Answer 29

processes

Question 30

Key factors that are affected by other variables.

Answer 30

outcomes

Question 31

A psychological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures.

Answer 31

stress

Question 32

The combination of effectiveness and efficiency at doing core job tasks.

Answer 32

task performance

Question 33

Discretionary behavior that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace.

Answer 33

organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)

Question 34

The set of actions employees take to separate themselves from the organization.

Answer 34

withdrawal behavior

Question 35

The extent to which members of a group support and validate one another while at work.

Answer 35

group cohesion

Question 36

The quantity and quality of a group’s work output.

Answer 36

group functioning

Question 37

The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization.

Answer 37

productivity

Question 38

The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clientele or customers.

Answer 38

effectiveness

Question 39

The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.

Answer 39

efficiency

Question 40

The degree to which an organization is able to exist and grow over the long term.

Answer 40

organizational survival