Chapter 10 Flashcards by Brianne McFarlin

What does the respiratory system do

Brings in O2 and releases CO2

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What is the function of the nose

to heat, humidify, and filter incoming air

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What is the process of inspiration

diaphragm and intercoastal muscles contract, pressure in the chest decreases, and the external air pressure causes air to rush into the lungs

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What is the process of Expiration

passive process involving the internal intercostal and abdominal muscles

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adenoid/o

lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx (upper portion of the throat)

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tonsill/o

lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx (middle portion of the throat)

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nas/o, rhin/o

nose

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NG tube

nasogastric tube; tube placed in the nose to stomach

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Palat/o

palate

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Or/o

mouth

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laryng/o

larynx

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laryngospasm

sudden closure of the larynx (hiccups)

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sept/o

septum; cartilage and bone that separate the left and right side of the plane

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sin/o, sinus/o

sinus; hollow spaces in skull

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pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o

lung or air

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pulmon/o

lung

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lob/o

lobe

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bronch/o, bronchi/o

bronchus

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bronchiol/o

bronchiole; little bronchi

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alveol/o

alveoli; air sacs at the end of bronchus

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stern/o

sternum; breastbone; flat piece between between ribs

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sternocostal

pertaining to the rib and sternum

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cost/o

rib

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thorac/o, pector/o, steth/o

chest

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pectus excavatum

chest that goes inward

pleur/o

pleura; membrane on lungs and inside of chest wall

pleurisy

inflammation of the pleura

pneumothorax

collapsed lung

phren/o

diaphragm

ox/o

oxygen

hypoxia

condition of low O2

hypoxemia

low oxygen in blood

spir/o, -pnea

breathing

spirometer

device to measure breathing

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure

capn/o, carb/o

carbon dioxide

hypercarbia

triggers the medulla oblangata to cause breathing

eupnea

good breathing

apnea

absence of breathing

hyperventilation

deep and rapid breathing; losing CO2 too fast

hypoventilation

shallow and slow breathing

dysphonia

bad voice; hoarseness

epistaxis

nosebleed

rhinorrhagia

excessive blood flow from nose

rhinorrhea

runny nose

expectoration

coughing or spitting material from lung

sputum

mucus coughed from lung

hemoptysis

coughing up blood

-ptysis

cough

pectoriloquy

patient speaks while doc listens to areas with stethoscope

pectus carinatum

sternum protrudes

pectus excavatum

sternum is hollowed out

atelectasis

incomplete expansion of lung tissue

-tel

complete

caseous necrosis

death of tissue with tuberculosis infection

chylothorax

milky white substance in pleural space

empyema, pyothorax

pus in pleural space

pneumohemothorax

air and blood in pleural space

capnography

procedure to measure CO2

oximetry

measures O2

pulmonary angiography

imaging of the pulmonary vessels

spirometry

measure of breathing

thoracoscopy

examination inside the chest but outside the lungs

what is the most common cause of respiratory problems

infection

LTB

Laryngotracheobronchitis; inflammation of the larynx, bronchi, and trachea

sleep apnea

ceasing of breathing while sleeping

pneumonia

infection of the lung

obstructive lung disorder

blockage of the lung

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; group of lung diseases characterized by continual lung blockage

Emphysema

loss of elasticity of alveoli causing difficulty exhaling air

asthma

allergic reaction in lungs; narrowing of airways and swelling of tissues

restrictive lung disease

stiff lung, hard to get air in

pneumoconiosis

lung disease by inhaling dust

diaphragmatocele

hernia of diaphragm

pneumatocele

hernia of the lung

endotracheal intubation

insertion of a tube into the trachea

lobectomy

removal of a lobe of lung; primarily used for cancer patients

pneumonectomy

removal of an entire lung

expectorant

encourages expulsion of material in lungs

mucolytic

breaks down mucus making it easier to cough up

antitussive

prevents cough

bronchodilator

expands and relaxes bronchi

ABG

arterial blood gas test used for pH and O2 and CO2 levels

biopsy

URI

upper respiratory tract infection

IRDS

infant respiratory distress syndrome

OSA

obstructive sleep apnea

pulmonary embolism

tuberculosis; hits more than one area

CTA

clear to auscultation

SOB

shortness of breath

computed tomography; imaging of slices of the body

CXR

chest x ray

PET

positron emission tomography; detects cancer

V/Q

ventilation-perfusion scan; test of air and blood flow

endotracheal tube

PFT

pulmonary function tests

PSG

polysomnography; measuring sleep activity

T&A

tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

pectus carinatum

sternum protrudes outward

Chapter 10 Flashcards

(100 cards)