chapter 11 Flashcards by Brianne McFarlin

what is the use of the gastrointestinal system

to take in and break down food for energy

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what are the three steps of the GI system

digestion, absorption, and defecation

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What are other terms for the GI tract

digestive tract or alimentary canal

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what are the accessory organs of the GI tract

pancreas, gallbladder, and liver

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what is in the upper GI tract

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach

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What is in the lower GI tract

duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, anus

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parietal peritoneum

lining of the inner surface of the body wall

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visceral peritoneum, serosa

outer lining of digestive tract

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or/o, stomat/o

mouth

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dent/o, ordont/o

tooth

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gingiv/o

gums

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gloss/o, lingu/o

tongue

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esophag/o

esophagus

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gastr/o

stomach

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enter/o

intestine; usually large

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duoden/o

duodenum “twelve”; first section of the small intestine

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jejun/o

jejunum “empty”; second section of the small intestine

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ile/o

ileum “groin” third section of the small intestine

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col/o, colon/o

colon; large intestine

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sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon; last portion of colon before rectum

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rect/o

rectum; last section of the colon

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an/o

anus

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proct/o

anus and rectum

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sial/o

saliva

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bil/i, chol/e

bile

cholelith

gall stone

peritone/o

peritoneum

abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o

abdomen

cyst/o

cistern; storage

doch/o

duct

hepat/o, haptic/o

liver

pancreat/o

pancreas

what is the most common complaint of the GI tract

pain in the small intestine

cholecystalgia

pain in the gallbladder

dyspepsia

pain of general nausea-indigestion

emesis

vomiting

jaundice, icterus

gallbladder and liver dysfunction

aerodontalgia

tooth pain from exposure to air

aphasia

not eating due to mouth or tooth pain

cholemesis

vomiting of bile

eupepsia

good digestion

dyspepsia

bad digestion

hematemesis

vomiting of blood

hyperemesis

excessive vomiting

hemorrhoid

inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus

odontoclasis

breaking of a tooth

ascites

retention of fluid in the peritoneum

bariatrics

branch of medicine dealing with weight loss

hernia

rupture or protrusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it

anophony

sound from the anus

flatus

flatulence; passing gas

steatorrhea

excessive fat discharge in feces

sialoangiectasis

overexpansion of the salivary glands

endoscope

device to view the inside

gastroscope

device to view the stomach

laparoscopy

device to view inside the abdomen

sigmoidoscope

device to view the sigmoid colon

cholangiogram

record of the bile vessels

cholecystogram

record of the gallbladder

FOBT

fecal occult blood test; test of the feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

periodontitis

inflammation of the gums

stomatomycosis

fungal infection of the mouth

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

colorectal carcinoma

cancerous tumor of the colon and rectum

enteropathy

disease of the intestines

gingival hyperplasia

overgrowth of gums

glossotrichia

overdevelopment of the bumps on the tongue, hair like appearance

pyloric stenosis

narrowing of the spincter between the stomach and duodenum

anal fistula

abnormal opening between the rectum and exterior skin

colovaginal fistula

abnormal opening between the colon and vagina

proctoptosis

sagging of the anus and rectum

diverticulosis

condition of the small pouches on the colon

sclerosing cholangitis

inflammation and hardening of the bile vessels

cholangioma

tumor of the bile vessels

cirrhosis

hardening of the liver; destruction of the liver due to alcoholism or hepatitis

antacid

reduces acid in stomach

antiemetic

prevents nausea and vomiting

cathartic

agent to produce bowel movements

sialagogic

causes saliva to prevent dry mouth

cholelithotripsy

crushing of the bile stone

barium enema; barium sulfate in colon to x ray for lesions

NGT

nasogastric tube

bowel movement

N&V

nausea and vomiting

EGD

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

ERCP

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

EUS

endoscopic ultrasound

LFT

liver function test

gallbladder

UGI

upper gastrointestinal

PUD

peptic ulcer disease

NPO

nothing by mouth

PEG

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

PEJ

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

LUQ

left upper quadrant

RUQ

right upper quadrant

LLQ

left lower quadrant

RLQ

right lower quadrant

chapter 11 Flashcards

(98 cards)