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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

What is the main function of the endocrine system

A

To maintain homeostasis

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2
Q

what is the function of the thyroid

A

calcium and metabolism regulation

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3
Q

What is the function of the parathyroid gland

A

calcium balance

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4
Q

What is the function of the thymus

A

produce T cells to help the immune system

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5
Q

What is the function of the adrenal gland

A

to release cortisol, to regulate stress and low blood sugar, and aldosterone, to regulate sodium, potassium, and water levels

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6
Q

What is the function of the pancreas

A

to regulate blood sugar levels through insulin

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7
Q

Aden/o

A

gland

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8
Q

Adren/o

A

adrenal gland

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9
Q

Cortic/o

A

outer surface; cortex

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10
Q

corticotropic

A

cortex stimulation

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11
Q

Adrenocorticohyperplasia

A

overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland

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12
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads

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13
Q

gonadogenesis

A

development of gonads

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14
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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15
Q

pituitar/o, hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland

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16
Q

hyperpituitarism

A

overactive pituitary gland function

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17
Q

hypophysis

A

growth below

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18
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

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19
Q

thryr/o, thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

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20
Q

thyrotoxin

A

poisonous to the thyroid gland

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21
Q

glucorticoid

A

steroids with a glucose attached

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22
Q

glucosuria

A

sugar in the urine

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23
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

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24
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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25
endocrine
secrete within the blood
26
exocrine
secrete outside the blood
27
homron/o
hormone
28
hormonopoesis
stimulation of hormone production
29
poesis
to make
30
ket/o
ketone body
31
ketosis
condition of producing ketones
32
When do ketones appear
When there is a lack of sugar, causing the body to breakdown fat for energy
33
-tropin
stimulating hormone
34
adrenal virilism
development of male secondary sex characteristics due to an oversecretion from the adrenal gland; causes a deep voice, body hair, and larger muscles
35
adrenarche
onset of adrenal secretion at puberty
36
hirsutism
excessive growth of facial hair in women; bearded lady
37
gynecomastia
breast development in males
38
-mast
breast
39
amenorrhea
lack of mestruation
40
-meno
menstruation
41
menarche
onset of mestruation
42
thelarche
onset of breast development
43
polydipsia
excessive thirst; likely due to high blood sugar
44
-dips
thirst
45
polyphagia
excessive eating; likely due to high blood sugar
46
polyuria
excessive urine production; likely due to high blood sugar
47
acromegaly
abnormal enlargement of extremities
48
acro-
extremitites
49
galactorrhea
discharge of milk; breastfeeding
50
myxedema
swelling of skin below eyes indication of severe hypothyroidism
51
chloremia
elevated chloride levels
52
hypercalcemia
elevated calcium levels
53
hyperkalemia
elevated potassium levels
54
-kal
potassium
55
hypernatremia
elevated sodium levels
56
-natr
sodium
57
acidemia
abnormal acidity; under pH of 7.4
58
alkalemia
abnormal alkalinity in blood; pH over 7.4
59
uremia
urinary waste in blood; due to bad kidneys
60
gluconeogenesis
formation of glucose from a noncarbohydrate source
61
calciuria
calcium in the urine; some is normal
62
glucosuria
sugar in the urine; some is not normal
63
carcinoma
cancer from the covering of tissue
64
sarcoma
cancer from the bone or soft tissue
65
adrenal insufficiency
adrenal gland does not produce enough hormone
66
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
adrenal gland is overdeveloped; genetic problem that can cause under or over secretion of the adrenal gland
67
pancreatic pseudocyst
expanded area of pancreas resembling a cyst
68
DM
diabetes mellitus
69
diabeteic ketoacidosis
production of ketones as the body is unable to use sugar
70
thyrotoxicosis
excessive levels of thyroid hormone
71
panhypopituitarism
defective or absent function of pituitary gland
72
pituitary infarction
death of the pituitary gland
73
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
removal of the adrenal gland via abdomen surgery
74
ketogenic diet
aids in the production of ketones; can be used to treat epilepsy in children
75
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
76
GH
growth hormone
77
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
78
T3
triiodothyronine hormone
79
T4
thyroxine hormone
80
CGM
continuous glucose monitor
81
FBS
fasting blood sugar; used to test for diabetes
82
GTT
glucose tolerance test; used for people with blood sugar issues
83
HgA1c
hemoglobin A1C test; used to test for diabetes
84
TFT
thyroid function test
85
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; looks at pancreas
86
DI
diabetes insipidis; kidneys don't get the signal to conserve water making you really thirst due to not having any antidiuretic hormones
87
IDDM
insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type I diabetes caused by an autoimmune disorder which destroys cells that make insulin; life long but manageable
88
NIDDM
noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type II diabetes where cells stop responding to made insulin; can be treated through activity and eating right
89
CSII
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
90
HRT
hormone replacement therapy

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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