Chapter 10

Question 1

Late adolescence

Answer 1

16-18

Question 2

Puberty begins overproduction or synaptic exuberance
(sharp increase in synaptic connections),

Answer 2

in frontal lobes

Question 3

increases speed of brain’s electrical signals
but also decreases flexibility

Answer 3

Myelination

Question 4

What part of the brain continues to grow

Answer 4

cerebellum

Question 5

BLANK percent of American adolescent girls believe they weigh too much

Answer 5

60

Question 6

BLANK percent of boys believe they weigh too much

Answer 6

30

Question 7

Fasting for 24 hours or more
Using diet products
Purging (intentional vomiting or use of laxatives)
Using laxatives to control weight

Answer 7

Eating disorder

Question 8

Eating disorder characterized by intentional self-starvation characterized by
Inability to maintain body weight
Fear of weight gain
Lack of menstruation
Distorted body image

Answer 8

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 9

Eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by purging
Due to fear of weight gain
Relatively normal eating patterns between episodes

Answer 9

Bulimia

Question 10

pertains to concepts and processes that cannot be experienced directly
through the senses

Answer 10

Abstract thinking

Question 11

thinking about multiple dimensions and aspects of a situation or idea. Understanding of metaphors and sarcasm

Answer 11

Complex thinking

Question 12

how much cognitive effort is needed to devote to processing information

Answer 12

Automaticity

Question 13

one institution as source of secondary education, as in the U.S

Answer 13

Comprehensive schools

Question 14

college preparatory, vocational school, and professional school

Answer 14

Europe

Question 15

Focus almost exclusively on rote learning
Consequences of school performance serious and enduring
Less time for after-school leisure and informal socializing

Answer 15

Eastern school

Question 16

BLANK schools place more emphasis on critical thinking and creativity

Answer 16

Western

Question 17

Common in central and northern Europe
Entry at age 16
Continued part-time schooling
Training that takes place in workplace
Preparation for a career in a respected profession

Answer 17

Apprenticeships in Europe

Question 18

true self-conception

Answer 18

actual self

Question 19

what you could become

Answer 19

possible self

Question 20

would like to be

Answer 20

Ideal self

Question 21

possible to become but fear becoming it

Answer 21

Feared self

Question 22

what is shown to others does
not represent actual thoughts or feelings

Answer 22

May exhibit a false self

Question 23

people who typically identify as
either female or male but whose behaviors fall outside
conventional gender norms

Answer 23

Gender nonconforming

Question 24

those whose self-identification does not
match their biological sex

Answer 24

Transgender

Question 25

Individuals have more than one social identity, which may overlap Gender roles in American minority cultures may differ from gender roles in the majority culture

Answer 25

INTERSECTIONALITY

Question 26

Based on cognitive development and believed that moral reasoning changes in predictable ways Focused on the structure of moral reasoning

Answer 26

Kohlberg proposed a universal theory of moral development

Question 27

the ability to retain (and process) information for a short period of time

Answer 27

Capacity of working memory enlarges

Question 28

repeating information over and over

Answer 28

Rehearsal

Question 29

categorizing things in order to remember them

Answer 29

Organization

Question 30

transforming things in a way that makes them memorable

Answer 30

Elaboration

Question 31

rehearsal, organization, elaboration

Answer 31

increased use of mnemonics such as

Question 32

Understanding of how memory works increases

Answer 32

metamemory

Question 33

Most cross-cultural studies confirm who hypothesis

Answer 33

Kohlberg’s

Question 34

who argued you must also understand the cultural worldview that underlies moral reasoning

Answer 34

Shweder

Question 35

codes responses according to three types of ethics rooted in different worldviews, Ethic of Autonomy, Ethic of Community, and Ethic of Divinity

Answer 35

jensen

Question 36

Adolescents in developed countries BLANK religious than in developing countries

Answer 36

Less More

Question 37

guided by collective expectations

Answer 37

Islam

Question 38

Elites, athletes, academics, deviants, and others

Answer 38

5 types of crowds

Question 39

small group of friends

Answer 39

cliques

Question 40

bisexual, gay, lesbian, or transgender Historically and in other cultures, same-sex attraction kept secret, but coming out now more likely

Answer 40

Sexual minorities

Question 41

Among sexual minority youth in the United States, the average age of coming out is

Answer 41

16

Question 42

unwanted sexual contact due to verbal pressure, alcohol or drugs, or physical force

Answer 42

Sexual assault

Question 43

temporary sadness

Answer 43

depression

Question 44

more enduring period of sadness with other symptoms

Answer 44

Major depressive disorder

Question 45

Strongest risk factor is being female Body image concerns “Feminine” gender role traits Tendency to ruminate

Answer 45

Depression

Question 46

Experimental Social Medicinal : Self-medication Addictive

Answer 46

Reasons for Substance Abuse

Question 47

Crime and delinquency peaks at what age

Answer 47

18

Question 48

Life-course-persistent delinquents (L C P Ds) Adolescence-limited delinquents (A L Ds)

Answer 48

Two types of delinquency

Question 49

Youth agencies employ Blank approach to stop delinquency

Answer 49

multisystemic