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PSYC 3505 Ex. Children > Chapter 10: Communication Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Communication Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Children with language disorders always have speech difficulties

True or False

A

False - a child can have good speech but not make any sense

however they typically co-occur

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2
Q

Stuttering is primarily a disorder of people with high IQs

True or False

A

False - stuttering can affect individuals at all levels

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3
Q

Disorders of phonology are very serious and difficult to correct

True or False

A

True - this is the smallest unit of sound and thus makes children unintelligible

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4
Q

What is the most common communication disorder?

A

Stuttering (fluency disorder)

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5
Q

What is the most common symbol system used between humans?

A

Spoken language

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6
Q

Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)

A
  • Alternative methods to produce the speech sounds of oral language, so that folks can still communicate.
  • Ex: Speech boards
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7
Q

Communication Disorders

A

-Impaired ability to use speech or language to communicate (umbrella term)

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8
Q

Speech Disorders

Define + 3 things

A
  • Impairments in production and use of oral language
    1. Articulation
    2. Fluency
    3. Voice production
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9
Q

Language Disorders

Define + 3 things

A

Problems in comprehending and using language for communication.

  1. Form
  2. Context
  3. Use of Language
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10
Q

Phonology (define + is it

  1. Form
  2. Context
  3. Use of Language)
A
  • Understanding speech sounds. Ex: spelling things out.

* Form

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11
Q

Morphology (define + is it

  1. form
  2. content
  3. use of language)
A
  • Organization of words
  • Ex: Suffixes, verb tenses
  • Form
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12
Q

Syntax (define + is it

  1. form
  2. content
  3. use of language)
A
  • Organizing meaningful sentences

* Form

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13
Q

Semantics (define + is it

  1. form
  2. content
  3. use of language)
A
  • Attaching meaning and concepts to words
  • Ex: even though I could “read” Spanish, it would have no meaning to me.
  • Content
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14
Q

Pragmatics (define + is it

  1. form
  2. content
  3. use of language)
A

Using language for social purposes. Ex: “please” and “thank you.”

*Use of Language

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15
Q

Prevalence of communication disorders

% + 2 fun facts

A

5-10% of schoolage children

  • Usually begin classifying at age 9, to give time for developmental delays and learning motor skills.
  • Very co-morbid with other exceptionalities
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16
Q

Dialects

A
  • Systematic language variations
  • Someone with a language disorder has difficulty communicating in every language environment, including the home language dialect.
  • Testing for CDs should be unbias, and use the student’s dialect + first language.
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17
Q

5 Language Disorders domains…

A
  1. Phonology (speech sounds)
  2. Morphology (organizing words)
  3. Syntactical (organizing sentences)
  4. Semantics (meaning of words)
  5. Pragmatics (Social langauge)
18
Q

What are the 2 dimensions of language disorder classification?

A
  1. Domain (subsystem or type) - phonology, morphology, etc.
  2. Etiology (cause)

Primary Language Disorders: no known cause
Secondary Language Disorders: caused by another condition

19
Q

What is the biggest problem faced for folks with Secondary Language Disorders?

A

Language for Social Interaction

20
Q

4 kinds of Speech-Sound Disorders?

A
  1. Phonological
  2. Articulation
  3. Voice
  4. Fluency
21
Q

Phonological Disorders

A
  • Rules for pronouncing sounds

- Difficulty contrasting sounds (ex: saying “ha” instead of “hat”)

22
Q

What are articulation D=disorders

A

Errors in producing sounds in which the child omits, deletes or substitutes sounds

Since articulation is common until 8-9 children are not evaluated until their errors continue into the 3rd or 4th grade

23
Q

What are the most common letters to pronounce in articulation disorders?

A

|R| |I| |Z| |S|

24
Q

What are voice Disorders

A

When pitch, loudness, and quality of sound harpers communication

-Must be ““Markedly different”” than normal

25
Q

What are fluency Disorders

A

When speaker’s disfluencies are so intense, or interruptions are so pervasive, that the speaker is hard to understand

disfluencies are normal but sometimes children do not grow out of them

26
Q

What is the most common fluency disorder?

A

Stuttering

27
Q

What are the core + secondary behaviours of stuttering

A

CORE = sound-centred. Incl. prolonged sounds, sound blocks.

SECONDARY = To distract from the stuttering. Incl. gestures, nods, blinks.

28
Q

Motor Speech Disorders (Describe + 2 kinds)

A
  • Speech disorder as a result of brain damage
  • Muscle/nerve problem, rather than anxiety-based problem.
    1. Dysarthia (slow, laboured, slurring)
    2. Aprazia (difficulty planning and coordinating, slow and effortful speech)
29
Q

__________ is a motor speech disorder characterized by slow, laboured, slurred, and imprecise speech

A

Dysarthria

30
Q

__________ is a motor speech delay characterized by difficulty planning and coordinating speech.

A

Apraxia

this can be extremely frustrating

Can be developmental or acquired

31
Q

Educational considerations for communication disorders: it’s main goal, 1 skill to build, 1 thing to avoid.

A
  • Facilitating social use of language
  • Working on both listeners and speakers being more clear and expressive.
  • Avoid yes/no questions.
32
Q

Dynamic Assessments

A
  • Being tested after a particular lesson, immediately reteaching things not understood.
  • Very in the moment.
33
Q

Early Intervention for communication disorders : Why is it important? (2)

A
  1. Intervention is more effective, the younger a child is.

2. Language is key to socialization.

34
Q

what does intervention for ADULT communication disorders focus on?

A

-Functional communication skills! Incl. eye contact, taking turns, identifying topic, staying on topic.

35
Q

Milieu Training

A

Teaching n
-Taking advantage of an individual’s skills and interests.

-Have them talk about what they are confident at.

36
Q

What % of Canadian children have speech disorders?

A

5-10%

37
Q

When Claudia, a seven-year-old says, “I goed to the store,” she is demonstrating a problem with which aspect of language?

a) Phonology
b) Morphology
c) Syntax
d) Pragmatics

A

b) Morphology

38
Q

What does the biological maturation theory argue for language disorders?

A

Language disorders are sometimes a result of brain dysfunction and ways to overcome this can sometimes be taught

39
Q

What does the social interaction theory argue about language disorders?

A

language disorders are a breakdown in ability to relate effectively to ones environment

40
Q

Specific language impairment, early expressive language delay, and language-based reading impairment are all examples of ________ language disorders

A

Primary - they have no known cause

41
Q

What are the 3 causes of voice disorders?

A
  1. functional disorders - damage to the larynx
  2. Organic disorders - physical conditions such as growths that have affected structure
  3. Neurological disorders
42
Q

_________ is the complete loss of vocie

A

aphonia

PSYC 3505 Ex. Children (15 decks)

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