Chapter 14: Physical Disabilities

Question 1

Congenital Anomalies

Answer 1

Conditions that are present at birth

Question 2

Acute Illness

Answer 2

Severe illness, but not chronic (has a resolution)

Question 3

Episodic Condition

Answer 3

Occurs repeatedly, consistently inconsistent

Question 4

Orthopedic disabilities + prevalence

Answer 4

These disabilities are due to defects or diseases of the muscles or bones (no neurological impairment0

Muscular dystrophy, arthritis, scoliosis

Makes up about 1/4 of PDCIs

Question 5

What does PDCI stand for?

Answer 5

General / other Physical Disabilities and Chronic Illness

Question 6

Neuromotor Impairments (describe + list 3)

Answer 6

• Damage to central nervous system (brain or spinal chord)
  1. Cerebral Palsey
  2. Epilepsy
  3. Spina Bifida

Question 7

How are neuromotor impairments caused? (provide 3 specifics)

Answer 7

“Nontraumatic cause”

-Tumour, stroke, hypoxia

Question 8

Spasticity

Answer 8

Stiffness or tenseness of muscles, inaccurate voluntary movement

-Associated iwth cerebral palsy

Question 9

Cebral Palsy (4 specifications)

Answer 9

1. Motor impairments
2. Lack of coordination
3. Physical weakness
4. Spasticity (stiffness/tenseness of muscles)

Question 10

What is cerebral palsy and what causes it?

Answer 10

CP is characterized by paralysis, weakness, lack of coordination, and other motor dysfunction

Is caused by anything that damages brain development

Question 11

What is something you should NOT do when helping someone suffering from a seizure?

Answer 11

Put anything in/near their mouth

Question 12

Spina Bifida (define + cause)

Answer 12

• Neural tube defect
• Due to incomplete closure of spinal column during fetal development
• Primarily caused by prenatal lack of folic acid

Question 13

Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 13

-Hereditary, progressive weakness because of degeneration of muscle fibres

Question 14

Infant/Child HIV

Answer 14

• Passed perinatally

- Can result in neurological damage or cognitive impairment

Question 15

3 ways to prevent physical disabilities?

Answer 15

1. “Unsafe and unhealthy practices” (accidents, substance abuse)
2. Teen pregnancy (low birth weight, premature birth)
3. Child abuse (physical + psychological injury, neglect)

Question 16

Educational considerations for Physical Disabilities and Chronic Illness (4)

Answer 16

1. Autonomy and self-advocacy
2. Special self-care needs
3. Special accommodations / career paths
4. Coping with terminal diseases and mortality

Question 17

Early Intervention for Physical Disabilities and Chronic Illness (3)

Answer 17

• Handling and positioning of infant (for parents)
• Teaching fine and gross motor skills
• Should be taught in context of daily living and social skills

Question 18

What is the prevalence of people with physical disabilities?

Answer 18

1% - mostly orthopedic disabilites

Question 19

What his choreathetoid?

Answer 19

Abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty maintain balance

Question 20

What are the 2 ways to classify movement motor disabilites?

Answer 20

1. Extremities: quadreiplegia, paraplegia

2. Type of movement: spasticity, choreathetoid, atonic

Question 21

Most children with epilepsy have normal IQ

True or False

Answer 21

True - over half of the children have normal or higher intelligence

Question 22

what factors can put kids at risk for disabilties ?

Answer 22

Lack of safety 
Teen mons 
Child abuse
Lack of vaccination 
Metabolic disorders `

Question 23

What should be the educational goals for people with physical disabilties?

Answer 23

Focus on autonomy and self-advocacy

Ensuring they stay caught up from school absences

They often have normal IQ but are treated as tho they are helpless and unable to learn

Question 24

Early intervention with newborns with physical disability can focus on teaching parents proper _____ and ________

Answer 24

handling; positioning