Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

articulation

Answer 1

joint; place of union between two or more bones

Question 2

hematopoiesis

Answer 2

production of blood; performed by bone marrow

Question 3

ligaments

Answer 3

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Question 4

tendons

Answer 4

connective tissue binds muscle to bone; muscle contracts by the tendon, the bone joint provides movement

Question 5

skeletal muscle

Answer 5

attached to bones and provide movement; VOLUNTARY

Question 6

smooth muscle

Answer 6

assists in internal processes like digestion, circulation, and urination; INVOLUNTARY

Question 7

cardiac muscle

Answer 7

only in the heart wall; INVOLUNTARY

Question 8

bones are held together by?

Answer 8

ligaments

Question 9

bones store?

Answer 9

calcium and other minerals

Question 10

diaphysis

Answer 10

long main portion of the bone; “shaft”

Question 11

distal and proximal epiphysis

Answer 11

two ends of the bone

Question 12

what are the three types of muscles ?

Answer 12

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 13

smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

Answer 13

involuntary

Question 14

what are the four types of bones?

Answer 14

short, long, flat, irregular

Question 15

All combining forms end in what letter?

Answer 15

o except for pelvis it can end in I or o

Question 16

inflammation of ribs and cartilage

Answer 16

cost/o/chondr/itis

Question 17

act of measuring the pelvis

Answer 17

pelv/I/metry

Question 18

malignant tumor of connective tissue and muscle

Answer 18

my/o/sarcoma

Question 19

cell that breaks down bone

Answer 19

oste/o/clast

Question 20

inflammation around the bone

Answer 20

peri/oste/itis

Question 21

pertaining to under or below the ribs

Answer 21

sub/cost/al

Question 22

pertaining to the sternum (breastbone) and ribs

Answer 22

stem/o/cost/al

Question 23

pain in the calcaneum (heel bone)

Answer 23

calcane/o/dynia

Question 24

porous bone

Answer 24

osteo/o/porosis

Question 25

tumor composed of muscle

Answer 25

my/oma

Question 26

binding, fixation, of a bone or joint

Answer 26

arthr/o/desis

Question 27

rupture of muscle

Answer 27

my/o/rrhexis

Question 28

abnormal condition of being stiff, bent, or crooked

Answer 28

ankyl/osis

Question 29

weakness or debility of muscle

Answer 29

my/asthenia

Question 30

softening of cartilage

Answer 30

chondr/o/malacia

Question 31

visual examination of a joint

Answer 31

arthr/o/scopy

Question 32

Bunion (hallux valgus)

Answer 32

deviation of the great toe; caused by ill-fitting shoes

Question 33

bunion sign/symptoms

Answer 33

red, swollen, and tender

Question 34

bunion treatment

Answer 34

nonsurgical: wide toe shoes, shoe inserts surgical: bunionectomy; remove tissue realign the bone

Question 35

Ganglion Cyst

Answer 35

fluid like sac arising from joint capsules or tendons

Question 36

ganglion cyst common sites:

Answer 36

wrist, hand, or foot

Question 37

ganglion cyst sign/symptoms

Answer 37

bone spur OSTEOPHYTE common in cysts at the far joint of the finger

Question 38

treatment which drains the fluid from the ganglion is known as

Answer 38

aspiration

Question 39

what are the different fracture types

Answer 39

closed (simple); open (compound); complicated; comminuted; impacted; incomplete; greenstick; colles

Question 40

closed simple fracture

Answer 40

break w no external skin wound

Question 41

open compound fracture

Answer 41

broke w external wound, where bone can be visible

Question 42

complicated fracture

Answer 42

broken bone injuries an internal organ

Question 43

comminuted fracture

Answer 43

bone broken or splintered into pieces

Question 44

impacted fracture

Answer 44

end of bone wedged into the interior of another bone

Question 45

incomplete fracture

Answer 45

fracture line does not include the whole bone

Question 46

greenstick fracture

Answer 46

break in which bone is partially bent or split

Question 47

colle fracture

Answer 47

break in lower end of radius

Question 48

fracture signs/symptoms

Answer 48

pain, swelling and bruising

Question 49

fracture treatment

Answer 49

closed reduction, open reduction, possibly no treatment as with rib fractures

Question 50

closed reduction

Answer 50

manipulating the bones through the skin, followed by immobilization or fixation using casts, slings and taping

Question 51

open reduction

Answer 51

realignment through surgical opening; using wire, plates, rods, screws and pins