Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

National Road

A

connected Maryland & Illinois

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2
Q

capitalism

A

individuals & businesses own property & decide how to use it

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3
Q

Miguel Hidalgo

A

led movement for Mexican independence

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4
Q

Daniel Boone

A

early western pioneer; explored trail through Appalachian Mtns.

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5
Q

election of 1816

A

Monroe vs. nobody really; Era of Good Feelings

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6
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

MO as slave state; ME as free state; kept balance in Senate

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7
Q

Lowell girls

A

textile factory workers in Massachusetts

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8
Q

census

A

official count of the population every 10 years

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9
Q

Robert Fulton

A

designed the Clermont (steamboat)

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10
Q

Eli Whitney

A

invented the cotton gin

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11
Q

Samuel Slater

A

memorized design of British factories & machinery; brought them to New England

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12
Q

New England waterpower

A

needed to run factory machinery in New England & ship goods to market

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13
Q

Henry Clay’s American system

A

goal to improve economy in each section of the country; tariffs, internal improvements

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14
Q

free enterprise system

A

major elements are economic freedom, profit, private property, & competition

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15
Q

New York canal

A

Erie Canal to connect New York City to Great Lakes region

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16
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

warned European nations to keep out of North & South America; U.S. would stay out of European conflicts

17
Q

Supreme Court in early 1800s

A

3 decisions that favored strong federal govt.

18
Q

Adams-Onis Treaty

A

ceded Florida to U.S. b/c Spain realized they weren’t strong enough & didn’t want war

19
Q

ESSAY: Why did the Industrial Revolution in the U.S. begin in New England?

A
  • New England geography
  • poor soil=difficult to farm
  • rivers & streams for waterpower for factories
  • nearby ports to ship raw materials (cotton) in & finished products (cloth) out
  • people willing to move to cities from farms to work in factories