chapter 11 Flashcards
(28 cards)
1
Q
cochlear nucleus
A
- brain stem
- receives input from inner hair cells
2
Q
trapezoid body
A
- brain stem
- determines direction of sound
3
Q
superior olive
A
- brain stem
- receives input from inner hair cells and cochlear nucleus
4
Q
inferior colliculus
A
- midbrain
- receives input from superior olive
5
Q
medial geniculate nucleus
A
- thalamus
- receives input from the inferior colliculus
- sends output to the auditory cortex
6
Q
auditory pathway
A
Cochlea
Auditory nerve
Cochlear nucleus
Trapezoid body
Superior olivary complex
Inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate body
Auditory cortex
7
Q
auditory cortex
A
- areas in the temporal cortex that process auditory stimuli
8
Q
primary auditory cortex
A
- first area in the auditory cortex
- receives input from the medial geniculate nucleus
9
Q
tonotopic organization
A
- organization of neurons by the frequencies they respond to
10
Q
auditory core region
A
- area of auditory cortex
- contains primary auditory cortex, rostral core, rostrotemporal core
11
Q
rostral core and rostrotemporal core
A
- area in the auditory core region of the auditory cortex
12
Q
belt and parabelt
A
- region of the auditory cortex
- wraps around the auditory core regions
13
Q
azimuth
A
- left right/ side to side aspect of sound localization
14
Q
elevation
A
- up down, sound localization
15
Q
distance
A
- how far the sound is from the listener/ in front/behind
16
Q
interaural time difference
A
- time interval between when a sound enters one ear and the other
17
Q
interaural level difference
A
- difference in loudness and frequency distribution between 2 ears
18
Q
acoustic shadow
A
- area on the side of the head opposite from the source of sound
- less loud, blocked sound waves by head
19
Q
cone of confusion
A
- region of positions in space
- sounds create the same interaural time and interaural level difference
- unable to tell the difference in spatial positions between sounds too close together
20
Q
spectral shape cue
A
- change in a sound over time created by the pinnae
- provide elevation sound information
21
Q
auditory scene analysis
A
- identifying specific sound producing objects from a complex set of sounds
22
Q
temporal segregation
A
- sounds linked in time are grouped together and vice versa
23
Q
spatial segregation
A
- sounds coming from the same location are grouped together and vice versa
24
Q
spectral segregation
A
- sounds that overlap in harmonic structure are grouped together and vice versa
25
harmonic coherence
- when frequencies present in the environment resemble pattern of fundamental frequency and higher harmonics
26
target range
- distance of a predator from its potential target
- timing of an echos return
27
rate of approach
- measure of whether a predator is approaching a target or receding from it
28
architectural acoustics
- how physical spaces affect how sounds are reflected in a room
