chapter 6 Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
visual spectrum (visible spectrum)
A
- band of wavelengths from 400 - 700mm, most people can detect
2
Q
heterochromatic light
A
- white light, many wavelengths
3
Q
monochromatic light
A
- light consisting of one wavelength
4
Q
spectral reflectance
A
- ratio of light reflected by an object at each wavelength
5
Q
hue
A
- color quality of light
6
Q
saturation
A
- purity of light
7
Q
brightness
A
- perceived intensity of the light
8
Q
lightness
A
- amount of light that gets reflected by a surface
9
Q
additive color mixing
A
- creation of a new color, adding wavelengths
- light
10
Q
subtractive color mixing
A
- creation of a new color by removing wavelengths
- paint, pigments
11
Q
S- cone
A
- peak sensitivity to short wavelength light
- blue
12
Q
M- cone
A
- peak sensitivity medium wavelength light
- green
13
Q
L- cone
A
- peak sensitivity long wavelength light
- yellow
14
Q
univariance
A
- principle, any single cone system is color blind, different combinations of wavelengths and intensity can result in the same response
- relies on comparative imputs
15
Q
trichromatic theory of color vision
A
- any light is determined by the output of 3 cone systems in our retinae
16
Q
opponent process theory of color perception
A
- color perception arises from 3 opponent mechanisms, red green, blue yellow, black white
17
Q
after images
A
- visual images that are seen after an actual visual stimulus has been removed
18
Q
complementary colors
A
- colors on the opposite side of the color wheel that when added together in equal intensity give white, grey or black
19
Q
simultaneous color contrast
A
- phenomenon that occurs when our perception of one color is affected by the color that surrounds it
20
Q
hue cancellation
A
-cancelling out the perception of a color by adding light of the opponent color
21
Q
unique colors
A
- colors that can be described with only a single color term
22
Q
cone opponent cells
A
- neurons that are excited by the input from one cone type in the center
- but inhibited by the input from another cone type in the surround
23
Q
color opponent cells
A
- neurons that are excited by the input from one cone type in the center
- but inhibited by the input from another cone type in the surround
- and vice versa
24
Q
double opponent cells
A
- center of cells exited by one color and inhibited by another, surround is reversed
25
habituation
- learning process in which people stop responding to a repeated stimulus
26
dishabituation
- after habituation has occured, changing the stimulus causing the person to respond again
27
color deficiency
- condition when individuals are missing one or more of their cone systems
28
protanopia
- lack of L cones
- red green deficiency
- sex linked, more common in men
29
deuteranopia
- lack of M cones
- blue yellow color deficiency
- rare, not sex linked
30
tritanopia
- lack of S cones
- blue yellow color deficiency
- rare, not sex linked
31
anomalous trichromancy
- all 3 cone systems are intact
- one or more cones has altered absorption pattern
- leading to different metameric matches
32
unilateral dichromacy
- presence of dichromacy in one eye but trichromatic vision in the other
33
cortical achromatopsia
- loss of color vision due to damage to the occipital lobe
34
constancy
- ability to perceive an object as the same color under different conditions
35
lightness constancy
- ability to percieve the relative reflectance of objects despite changes in illumination
36
color constancy
- ability to perceive the color of an object despite changes in the amount and nature of illumination
37
gelb effect
- phenomenon where an intensely lit black object appears grey or white in a dark space
