chapter 13 Flashcards
(20 cards)
music
ordered sound made and perceived by human beings, created in meaningful patterns
octave
the interval between one note and a note with either double the frequency or half the frequency of that note
chroma
the subjective quality of a pitch; we judge sounds an octave apart to be of the same chroma
semitones
the 12 equivalent intervals or notes within each octave
harmony
the pleasant sound that results when two or more notes are played together
consonance
the perception of pleasantness or harmony when two or more notes are played; that is, the notes fit with each other
dissonance
the perception of unpleasantness or disharmony when two or more notes do not fit together
dynamics
relative loudness and how loudness changes across a composition
rhythm
the temporal patterning of music, including the tempo, the beat, and the meter
tempo
the pace at which a piece of music is played
meter
the temporal pattern of sound across time
beat
spaced pulses that indicate if a piece is fast or slow
attack
the beginning buildup of a note
decay
how long the fundamental frequency and harmonics remain at their peak loudness until they start to disappear
melody
a rhythmically organized sequence of notes, which we perceive as a single musical unit or idea
scale
a set of ordered notes starting at one note and ending at the same note one octave higher
key
the tonic note (e.g., C in a C major or minor scale) that gives a subjective sense of arrival and rest in a musical piece
transposition
the process through which one can create multiple versions of a melody that start on different notes but contain the same intervals or sequence of changes in notes
synesthesia
a condition in which a stimulus in one modality consistently triggers a response in another modality
congenital amusia
a condition in which people are inherently poor at music perception
