Chapter 11

Question 1

What is DNA Technology?

Answer 1

The practical application of the knowledge about DNA

Question 2

_ _ are _ that cuts double stranded _ at a _ base sequence

Answer 2

Restriction Enzymes/protein/DNA/specific

Question 3

_ _ is genetic material that has been _ with _ _ and _ with DNA from other _

Answer 3

Recombinant DNA/cut/restriction enzymes/spliced/organisms

Question 4

Transgenic Organisms:

Answer 4

Individual with recombinant DNA

Question 5

DNA Sequencing determines the _ _ of DNA _

Answer 5

nucleotide sequence/fragments

Question 6

PCR?

Answer 6

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 7

_ amplifies _ in a test tube using the cell’s _ _

Answer 7

PCR/DNA/replication machinery

Question 8

_ _ uses DNA sequencing and _ to detect _ _ among individuals

Answer 8

DNA Profiling/PCR/genetic differences

Question 9

_ _ are cells found in __ and some _ _ that give rise to other cells types

Answer 9

Stem Cells/embryos/adult tissue

Question 10

Cloning:

Answer 10

Identical copy of an organism

Question 11

_ _ _ _ is a type of _ that combines a _ taken from one individual’s _ _ with a _ _ cell from another individual to produce the _ cell of a new _

Answer 11

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer/cloning/nucleus/body cell/denucleated egg/first/organism

Question 12

_ _ is a - sequence of _, labeled with a _ _ of florescent tag, used to detect the presence of a known _ of _

Answer 12

DNA Probe/single-strained/DNA/radioactive isotope/sequences/nucleotides

Question 13

_ _ _ uses _ and _ probes to detect _ _ in _ that might later be _ in a woman’s _

Answer 13

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis/PCR/DNA/genetic diseases/embryos/implanted/uterus

Question 14

_ _ uses PCR and DNA probes to detect _ _ in _, newborn, _, and adults

Answer 14

Genetic Testing/genetic diseases/fetuses/children

Question 15

_ _ employs _ to insert _ _ into cells

Answer 15

Gene Therapy/viruses/healthy genes

Question 16

_ _ can develop into any type of _

Answer 16

Stem Cells/cells

Question 17

_ produces copies of an organism’s _

Answer 17

Cloning/cell

Question 18

_ contains _

Answer 18

Cell/DNA

Question 19

_ _ receives recombinant _

Answer 19

Transgenic Organism/DNA

Question 20

_ _ treats faulty _

Answer 20

Gene Therapy/DNA

Question 21

_ _ determines the nucleotides in _

Answer 21

DNA Sequencing/DNA

Question 22

_ _ _ (PCR) makes copies of _

Answer 22

Polymerase Chain Reaction/DNA

Question 23

_ _ identifies a person based on _

Answer 23

DNA Profiling/DNA

Question 24

_ _ and _ _ _ (PGD) rely on _ _ to highlight a sequence of _

Answer 24

Genetic Testing/Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis/DNA Probes/DNA

Question 25

_ _ contain _ from other species

Answer 25

Transgenic Organisms/DNA

Question 26

_ _ are important in _, research, and _

Answer 26

Transgenic Organisms/industry/agriculture

Question 27

_ _ and _ are tools that help researchers create _ _ and introduce it to _ _

Answer 27

Restriction Enzymes/plasmids/recombinant DNA/recipient cells

Question 28

_ _ reveals the order of bases

Answer 28

DNA Sequencing

Question 29

The _ _ modified _ to generate _ fragments of various _

Answer 29

Sanger Method/nucleotides/DNA/lengths

Question 30

_ sorts the fragments by _ and reveals the _ sequence

Answer 30

Electrophoresis/size/DNA

Question 31

Only _% of the _ billion base pairs of the human genome encode _

Answer 31

1.5/3.2/protein

Question 32

The remaining _% of the human genome encodes for _, tRNA, _, Regulatory Sequences, _, Transposable Elements, and other _

Answer 32

98.5/rRNA/microRNA/pseudogenes/repeats

Question 33

_ replicates _ in a test tube

Answer 33

PCR/DNA

Question 34

PCR Steps: 1. DNA separates into _ strands 2. DNA _ adds complementary _ to each strand 3. Repeated cycles of _ and _ allow for rapid amplification of the target _ sequence

Answer 34

2/polymerase/nucleotides/heating/cooling/DNA

Question 35

_ finds many applications in _, forensics, _, agriculture, and other _

Answer 35

PCR/research/medicine/fields

Question 36

_ _ detects genetic differences

Answer 36

DNA Profiling

Question 37

_ vary _ in single bases and _ _ _ (STRs)

Answer 37

Individual/genetically/short tandem repeats

Question 38

_ can use known _ of _ in the population to calculate the probability that _ DNA samples match

Answer 38

Investigators/frequencies/alleles/2

Question 39

Analysis of _ DNA can verify _ relationship

Answer 39

mitochondrial/material (maybe he meant maternal)

Question 40

_ _ divide to form _ cell types

Answer 40

Stem Cells/multiple

Question 41

Embryonic Stem Cells:

Answer 41

give rise to all cells in the body

Question 42

Adult Stem Cells:

Answer 42

produce only a limited subset of cell types

Question 43

Induced _ stem cells are _ cells that are converted to _ cells

Answer 43

pluripotent/adult/stem

Question 44

Researchers use a technique called _ _ _ to clone adult mammals

Answer 44

somatic nuclear transfer

Question 45

_ _ detect specific sequences

Answer 45

DNA Probes

Question 46

The _ binds to any _ DNA, revealing its _

Answer 46

probe/complementary/location

Question 47

_ _ _ (PGD) can help prevent some _

Answer 47

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis/diseases

Question 48

By PGD, a human _ can be tested for a variety of _ before being implanted into a woman's _

Answer 48

embryo/diseases/uterus

Question 49

_ _ uses DNA to treat disease

Answer 49

Gene Therapy

Question 50

_ _ places a functional gene into cells that express a faulty gene

Answer 50

Gene Therapy