Spring Final Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
How many possible amino acids are there?
A
20
2
Q
The amino acid is attached to the _.
A
rRNA
3
Q
_ associates with proteins to form a ribosome.
A
rRNA
4
Q
_ has the anti-codon sequence.
A
tRNA
5
Q
Building a protein at the ribosome involves 3 steps, which is NOT on of the steps.
A
Transcription
6
Q
_ is attaching additional amino acids.
A
rRNA
7
Q
DNA is converted to mRNA during _.
A
Transcription
8
Q
Proteins are folded correctly with an operon protein.
A
FALSE
9
Q
A mutation that codes for a STOP codon is _.
A
Nonsense
10
Q
A mutation that codes for a different amino acid is _.
A
Missense
11
Q
A _ mutation is an example of a _ mutation.
A
Substitution/Point
12
Q
Mutations can create new alleles.
A
TRUE
13
Q
Somatic mutations wil harm an offspring.
A
FALSE
14
Q
For human cells that go through mitosis, the chromosome number will be _ at the end.
A
46
15
Q
For human cells that go through mitosis, the chromosome number will be _ at the start.
A
46
16
Q
For human cells that go through mitosis, the chromosome number will be _ at the start.
A
Diploid
17
Q
Cells for identical eukaryotic cells used in growth are _ cells.
A
Mitotic
18
Q
_ is programmed cell death.
A
Apoptosis
19
Q
_ adds DNA nucleotides to an RNA primer.
A
Polymerase
20
Q
_ phase is when cell cycle arrest.
A
G0
21
Q
Chromosomes are duplicated in the _ phase.
A
S
22
Q
_ phase is the initial growth phase.
A
G1
23
Q
Chromatid of each replicated chromosomes separate is _.
A
Anaphase
24
Q
The chromosomes condense is _.
A
Prophase
25
A contractile ring forms and divides the cell is _.
Cytokinesis
26
When part of a chromosome receives an additional part to the chromosome, it is called _ mutation.
Insertion
27
When part of a chromosome is reversed, it is called _ mutation.
Inversion
28
In plants, sexual reproduction involves an alteration of generations from haploid to diploid phases.
TRUE
29
In animals, the haploid nuclei are not packaged into gametes.
FALSE
30
In spermatogenesis, the beginning cells is a diploid germ cell.
TRUE
31
In oogenesis, _ egg cells and _ polar bodies are formed.
1/3
32
In spermatogenesis, _ sperm cells are produced.
4
33
When part of a chromosome is repeated, it is called _ mutation.
Duplication
34
A triploid cell has _ sets of chromosomes.
3
35
A diploid cell has _ sets of chromosomes.
2
36
Asexual reproduction will be more successful in an unstable environment compared to sexual reproduction.
FALSE
37
Meiosis | yield(s) _ cell(s).
2 haploid
38
Meiosis | will yield _ number of cells.
2
39
In meiosis, chromosomes pairs align randomly during _.
Metaphase |
40
There are _ homologous paris of sex chromosomes.
1
41
A human zygote has _ chromosomes.
46
42
Genetic makeup of an organism.
Genotype
43
Two alleles of the same gene separate into different gametes.
Law of Segregation
44
A test cross uses an unknown genotype and _ to reveal the unknown's genotype.
Homozygous Recessive
45
Disorder can be inherited from one affected parent:
Autosomal Dominant
46
Colorblindness is a _ trait.
X-Linked Recessive Disorder
47
Huntington disease is a _ trait.
Autosomal Dominant
48
Cystic fibrosis is a _ trait.
Autosomal Recessive
49
Tay-Sachs disease is a _ trait.
Autosomal Recessive
50
Polydactyl is a _ trait.
Autosomal Dominant
51
_ relies on genetic testing and PGD to highlight sequences of DNA.
DNA Probe
52
Type of cloning that combines a nucleus taken from one individual's body cell with a renucleated egg cell from another individual to produce the first cell of a new organism.
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
53
A single-strand sequence of DNA, labeled wit a radioactive isotope of florescent tag, used to detect the presence of a known sequence of nucleotides.
DNA Probe
54
Identical copy of an organism
Cloning
55
Uses PCR and DNA probes to detect genetic diseases in embryos that might later be implanted in a woman's uterus.
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
56
Determines the nucleotide sequence of DNA fragments
DNA Sequencing
57
A technique used in laboratories in order to separate marcromolecules based on size. The technique apple a negative charge so proteins move towards a positive charge.
Electrophoresis
58
_ can develop into any type of cell with DNA
Stem Cells
59
_ amplifies DNA in a test tube using the cell's replication machinery.
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
60
_ uses DNA sequencing and PCR to detect genetic differences amount individuals.
DNA Profiling
61
Gene therapy is achieved by placing a functional gene into a cell by the use of a bacteria.
FALSE
62
PGD is used to prevent all chromosomal diseases.
FALSE
63
A DNA probe binds to any complimentary DNAs and reveals its location.
TRUE
64
In 1996, "Dolly" became the first cloned goat.
FALSE
65
Pluripotent stem cells are stem cells that can become any type of embryo.
FALSE
66
_ is how the emergences of new species takes place.
Macroevolution
67
_ sailed on the HMS Beagle.
Darwin
68
_ is the continual remodeling of the earth's surface.
Catastrophism
69
_ is when some individuals within a species survive longer and reproduce more than others do.
Selection
70
_ are small scale genetic changes within a single species.
Microevolution
71
_ is the 2 extremes for a phenotype survive at eh expense of the intermediate form of the phenotype.
Disruptive Selection
72
_ is a differentiate in the sexes within a species.
Sexual Dimorphisms
73
_ is an intermediate phenotype has an advantage over individuals with extreme ends of phenotypes.
Stabilizing Selection
74
_ is when a human takes control of the selection process.
Artificial Selection
75
_ is when a heterozygote advantage remains within a population.
Balanced Polymorphism
76
_ provides an indication of the relationships among species
DNA Sequencing Comparisons
77
Protein assemblage can identify relationships among species
Amino Acid Sequences Comparisons
78
They have no function in an organism but are homologous to functioning structures in related species
Vestigial Structures
79
_ combines the study of development with the study of DNA sequences
Evolutionary Development Biology
80
Molecules that have similarities that indicate they were inherited from a shared ancestor
Homologous Structures
81
Examples are wings of a pterodactyl and wings of an insect
Analogous Structures
82
Study of distribution of species on Earth
Biogeography
83
Volcanic ash or silt bury an organism after it dies
Sediment
84
Accumulation of silt of ash above the animal's remains
Layers
85
Rain, rivers, and wind wear away the remaining rock layers
Erosion
86
Exposure of fossils happens during the phase
Erosion
87
_ divides Earth's history into eras defined by major events
Geologic Timescale
88
The study of the remains of life
Paleontology
89
Remains of an ancient organism
Fossil
