chapter 11 muscular

Question 1

Fascicles are parallel to long axis of muscle
Some are flat
Cylindrical muscles have a central body (belly)

Example: biceps brachii
Tension developed during a contraction depends on total number of myofibrils

what type of muscles fiber is this?

Answer 1

Parallel

Question 2

Muscle fibers spread out like a fan and converge on an attachment site
Example: pectoralis muscles
Muscle may pull on
Tendon
Aponeurosis

Raphe (slender band of collagen fibers)
Fibers pull in different directions, depending on activity

what type of muscles fiber is this?

Answer 2

convergent muscles

Question 3

Muscle fibers pull at an angle relative to tendon
Compared to parallel muscles, pennate muscles
Do not move their tendons as far
Contain more myofibrils
Develop more tension

what type is this muscle ?

Answer 3

Pennate muscles

Question 4

All fascicles on same side of tendon
Example: extensor digitorum

which pennate is this one?

Answer 4

Unipennate

Question 5

Fascicles on both sides of a central tendon
Example: rectus femoris

which pennate is this one?

Answer 5

Bipennate

Question 6

Tendon branches within muscle
Example: deltoid

which pennate is this one ?

Answer 6

Multipennate

Question 7

Fixed point of attachment of a muscle to bone is the

Answer 7

origin

Question 8

Movable point of attachment is the

Answer 8

Insertion

Question 9

Mostly responsible for producing a particular movement

Answer 9

Agonist (prime mover)

Question 10

Opposes movement of a particular agonist is the

Answer 10

antagonist

Question 11

A smaller muscle that assists a larger agonist is the

Answer 11

Syngerist

Question 12

A synergist that assists an agonist by preventing movement at another joint

what is the term?

Answer 12

Fixator

Question 13

how can levers change?

Answer 13

Direction of applied force (AF)
Distance and speed produced by AF
Effective strength of AF

Question 14

Act as valves in digestive and urinary tracts
Surround body openings and hollow organs
Contraction makes diameter of opening smaller
Example: orbicularis oris of the mouth

which muscles is this ?

Answer 14

Circular Muscles

Question 15

what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor carpal radialis

Answer 15

o:humerus

I: second metacarpal

a:extending and
abducting the
hand

Question 16

what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor carpals ulnaris

Answer 16

o:humerus

I;:Carpal bones

A: Extending and
adducting the
hand at the wrist

Question 17

what is the origin, inception, and action of the Supinator

Answer 17

o:Lateral epicondyle
of humerus, radial
notch of ulna

i:Radial tuberosity

a:Supination
(outward)

Question 18

what is the origin, inception, and action of the Pronator trees

Answer 18

o:Coranoid process
of ulna and
humerus

i:Midlateral radius

a:Pronation

Question 19

what is the origin, inception, and action of the tibias anterior

Answer 19

o:Lateral condyle,
proximal tibia

I;1st metatarsal
bone/medial
cuneiform

a:Flexion at ankle
(inversion and
dorsal)

Question 20

what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor digitorium

Answer 20

O:Tibia, fibula
I:Digits
A:Extends the toes

Question 21

what is the origin, inception, and action of the fibularis brevis

Answer 21

O:Fibula
I:Fifth metatarsal

a:Plantar flexing,
everting the foot

Question 22

what is the origin, inception, and action of the fibula longeus

Answer 22

O:Lateral tibia and
proximal fibula

I:1st metatarsal and
medial cuneiform

a:Eversion of foot
and plantar flexion

Question 23

what is the origin, inception, and action of the gastrocniemus

Answer 23

O:Femoral condyles

I:Calcaneus

A:Flex at knee and
plantar flexion

Question 24

what is the origin, inception, and action of the Soleus

Answer 24

o:Proximal fibula,
posterior medial
tibia

i:Calcaneus/tendon
to gastroc.

a:Plantar flexion of
ankle

Question 25

what is the origin, inception, and action of the flexor digitorum longus

Answer 25

O: Tibia I:Digits a:Flexing the toes

Question 26

what is the origin, inception, and action of the lats Doris

Answer 26

O:Inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12, thoracolumbar fascia I:Intertubercular groove of humerus A:Extend, adduct, medial rotation of shoulder

Question 27

what is the origin, inception, and action of the erector spinae

Answer 27

O:iliac crest, sacrum, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae and supraspinal ligament I:angles of the ribs, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae, posterior aspect of the skull A:extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head

Question 28

what is the origin, inception, and action of the trees major

Answer 28

O:Inferior angle of scapula I:Intertubercular groove of humerus A:Extension, medial rotation, adduction

Question 29

what is the origin, inception, and action of the gluteus maxims

Answer 29

O:Iliac crest, lateral ilium, sacrum coccyx, thoracolumbar fascia I:Femur A: Extension and lateral rotation of hip

Question 30

what is the origin, inception, and action of the gluteus medius

Answer 30

O:Anterior iliac crest I:Greater trochanter of femur A:Abduction and medial rotation of hip

Question 31

what is the origin, inception, and action of the tensor fascia latae

Answer 31

O:Ilium I:Iliotibial tract (iliotibial band) A:Tensing the iliotibial band, supporting the knee

Question 32

what is the origin, inception, and action of the Illiopsoas

Answer 32

O:Vertebrae T12-L5 I: Iliacus A:Flex hip

Question 33

what is the origin, inception, and action of the Biceps

Answer 33

O:Coracoid process; supraglenoid tubercle I:Tuberosity of radius A:Flexion of elbow

Question 34

what is the origin, inception, and action of the triceps

Answer 34

O:Lateral head: lateral humerus, Long head: infraglenoid tubercle scapula, Medial head: posterior of humerus I:Olecranon A:Extension of elbow