Chapter 11-Reproductive System

Question 0

What is the total number of chromosomes in a mature human cell?

Answer 0

46 (diploid number)

Question 1

This is where genetic material is carried within the nucleus of each cell.

Answer 1

Chromosomes

Question 2

Each sex cell, or _________, contains how many chromosomes?

Answer 2

Gamete, 23 (haploid)

Question 3

This is a fertilized ovum, that contains a diploid number of chromosomes, formed from the union of a haploid sperm and haploid egg.

Answer 3

Zygote

Question 4

Oocytes, which are produced by the ovaries, undergo a maturation process that results in an ovum or mature egg. What is the process?

Answer 4

Oogenesis

Question 5

During the reproductive years of a woman’s life, the _________ releases hormones at roughly monthly intervals.

Answer 5

Pituitary Gland

Question 6

A mature ovum is released into one of the Fallopian tubes during __________ and is ready for fertilization by a sperm

Answer 6

ovulation

Question 7

This process occurs in the testes, and results in the production of haploid sperm.

Answer 7

Spermatogenesis

Question 8

These are long, slender tubes that extend from the uterus to the region of the ovary, where ovum travel.

Answer 8

Fallopian tubes

Question 9

The opening of the Fallopian tube is surrounded by long thin processes called ______, which help direct an ovum into the Fallopian tube following ovulation.

Answer 9

Fimbriae

Question 10

This is the top segment of the uterus.

Answer 10

Fundus

Question 11

These 3 ligaments hold the uterus in place.

Answer 11

Broad, Round and Uterosacral

Question 12

This is the name of the time of the first menstrual cycle.

Answer 12

Menarche

Question 13

This is the point in a woman’s life where menstruation ends.

Answer 13

Menopause

Question 14

The average menstrual cycle is how many days?

Answer 14

28

Question 15

Implantation of the zygote occurs after approximately how many days

Answer 15

7 days after fertilization

Question 16

Embryoblast becomes?

Answer 16

Embryo

Question 17

Outer group of cells, or Trophoblasts, become?

Answer 17

The placenta

Question 18

Gestation is stimulated by this hormone, which is produced by the placenta.

Answer 18

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 19

These two anatomic triangles make up the perineum.

Answer 19

Urogenital Triangle and Anal Triangle

Question 20

The clitoris contains erectile tissue called ___________ which becomes engorged with blood as a result of sexual stimulation.

Answer 20

Corpus Cavernosus

Question 21

These are the organs of milk production within the breasts

Answer 21

Mammary Glands

Question 22

Mammary glands are supported by a group of _________ that prevent sagging of the breasts.

Answer 22

Mammary Ligaments

Question 23

This is the pouch of skin and muscle that contain the testes

Answer 23

Scrotum

Question 24

This muscle contracts during cold weather, causing the scrotum to become firm and wrinkled.

Answer 24

Dartos Muscle

Question 25

This muscle pulls the testicles close to the body to maintain a steady temperature.

Answer 25

Cremaster Muscle

Question 26

This is a long coiled tube on the back of the testes, where spermatozoa undergo a final maturation process.

Answer 26

Epididymis

Question 27

This is a chestnut shaped gland located at the base of the urethra and is a male sex gland.

Answer 27

Prostate Gland

Question 28

This is the cap located at the tip of the penis.

Answer 28

Glans

Question 29

Amniotic membranes form the ___________, which contains amniotic fluid.

Answer 29

Amniotic Sac

Question 30

All major organ systems begin to develop during the ___________which is from weeks 3-8.

Answer 30

Embryonic Period

Question 31

Audible heart tones noted on Doppler ultrasound occur during what trimester?

Answer 31

First Trimester

Question 32

Female and Male fetal eternal genitalia may be distinguished by ultrasound at what week?

Answer 32

Week 18

Question 33

Once the membranes have ruptured, the fetus must be delivered within _____ hours due to the risk of infection.

Answer 33

24 Hours

Question 34

What happens during the first stage of labor?

Answer 34

Uterine wall begins to contract and the cervix dilates

Question 35

What happens during the second stage of labor?

Answer 35

The birth of the baby

Question 36

What occurs during the 3rd stage of labor

Answer 36

The placenta is delivered (or expelled)

Question 37

This is the transmission of characteristics from the parents to their offspring.

Answer 37

heredity

Question 38

These are the fundamental units of heredity

Answer 38

Genes

Question 39

These carry genes that code for numerous body proteins independent of sex

Answer 39

Autosomes

Question 40

These code for proteins that determine sex, as well as for other proteins.

Answer 40

Sex Chromosomes

Question 41

Each ova contains what chromosome?

Answer 41

X Chromosome

Question 42

Each spermatocyte contains what chromosome?

Answer 42

X or Y chromosome

Question 43

XX fertilized zygote results in what sex baby?

Answer 43

Female

Question 44

XY fertilized zygote results in what sex embryo?

Answer 44

Male

Question 45

Each single gene contributed by one parent for any particular characteristic is called?

Answer 45

Allele

Question 46

This is an observable characteristic of an organism that results from genetic composition and environmental factors.

Answer 46

Phenotype

Question 47

This is the genetic composition for the same trait, which cannot be seen.

Answer 47

Genotype

Question 48

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (RR, rr) is called what?

Answer 48

Homozygous

Question 49

An organism that has 2 different alleles for a trait (Rr) is said to be what?

Answer 49

Heterozygous

Question 50

An individual that may carry one abnormal allele and is perfectly healthy is in this state.

Answer 50

Carrier state