Chapter 3-Skeletal Tissue

Question 0

Dense white connective tissue that are continuous with the periosteum. They connect muscle to bones.

Answer 0

Tendons

Question 1

This is a viscous joint fluid that is secreted by the synovial membrane in an articulation to provided a slippery surface over which the bones may move freely.

Answer 1

Synovial Fluid

Question 2

Bones consist of this mineral, that is a combination of calcium and phosphate.

Answer 2

Hydroxyapatite

Question 3

These fibers in the bone act as reinforcing rods that lend flexible strength to the bone

Answer 3

Collagen

Question 4

These hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary and works with the thyroid hormones to control normal growth.

Answer 4

Growth hormones

Question 5

These cells produce bone tissue.

Answer 5

Osteoblasts

Question 6

Bony matrix (connective tissue) that surrounds an osteoblast is called what?

Answer 6

Osteocyte

Question 7

These are large multinucleated cells that dissolve bone tissue.

Answer 7

Osteoclasts

Question 8

These bones include the femur, fibula, tibia, ulna, radius and humerus. They are also longer than they are wide.

Answer 8

Long bones

Question 9

These bones are approximately as broad as they are long. They include the bones of the wrist or ankle.

Answer 9

Short bones

Question 10

Certain skull bones, ribs, sternum and scapulae are types of these bones.

Answer 10

Flat bones

Question 11

The shaft of the long bone is also called the _____.

Answer 11

Diaphysis

Question 12

The ends of the diaphysis is the ________.

Answer 12

Epiphyses

Question 13

The growth plate at the end of the long bones is called?

Answer 13

Epiphyseal plate

Question 14

The epiphyseal plate fuses to the diaphysis to form ______, the region where they converge.

Answer 14

Metaphysis

Question 15

This type of bone is mostly solid with few spaces.

Answer 15

Compact bone

Question 16

This type of bone consists of a lacy network of bony rods called ______.

Answer 16

Cancellous; trabeculae

Question 17

Appositional growth is what?

Answer 17

The formation of new bone on the surface of a bone

Question 18

Endochondral growth is?

Answer 18

The growth of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate and is eventually replaced by bone.

Question 19

Incomplete fracture in which the bone is bent and only the outer arc of the bend is broken.

Answer 19

Greenstick Fracture

Question 20

A fracture straight across the shaft of the bone.

Answer 20

Transverse fracture.

Question 21

Fracture at the angle to the shaft of a bone

Answer 21

Oblique fracture

Question 22

Fracture that twists around the shaft of a bone (most evident in cases of child or elder abuse).

Answer 22

Spiral Fracture.

Question 23

A fracture in which one fragmented bone end is wedged into the other fragmented end.

Answer 23

Impacted Fracture

Question 24

A fracture in which the bone collapses.

Answer 24

Compression fracture

Question 25

How many bones are in the skull?

Answer 25

28

Question 26

The skull is divided into 3 anatomical groups. What are they?

Answer 26

Auditory ossicles, Cranium and the Face

Question 27

The spinal cord passes through which opening?

Answer 27

Foramen Magnum

Question 28

The auditory ossicles consist of which 3 bones?

Answer 28

Malleus, incus and stapes

Question 29

This is the point of attachment of the meninges.

Answer 29

Crista Galli

Question 30

What is the olfactory bulb?

Answer 30

Cranial nerve for smell, and sends projections through the nasal cavity.

Question 31

The pituitary gland resides in this area

Answer 31

Sella Turcica

Question 32

This is the point of articulation between the skull and vertebral column

Answer 32

Occipital Condyles

Question 33

What is a blowout fracture?

Answer 33

Fracture to the floor of the orbit, resulting in blood and fat leaking into the maxillary sinus.

Question 34

The posterior condyle of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone at what point?

Answer 34

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

Question 35

This fills the center of the tooth and contains blood vessels, nerves and specialized connective tissue.

Answer 35

Pulp

Question 36

How many bones make up the vertebral column?

Answer 36

33

Question 37

The mass of fibrocartilage consisting of an exterior fibrous ring and the internal gelatinous between each vertebral body is called the _________.

Answer 37

Intervertebral Disk

Question 38

This vertebra provides support for the head and is directly inferior to the skull.

Answer 38

C-1, or Atlas

Question 39

The atlas articulates with the occipital condyles at the base of the skull at what joint?

Answer 39

atlanto-occipital joint

Question 40

As part of the vertebrae, this process is the sight of muscle attachment.

Answer 40

Transverse process

Question 41

This large offshoot of the C2 allows the atlas to rotate around its axis enabling lateral rotation of the skull.

Answer 41

The dens, or odontoid process

Question 42

These ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae and attach directly to the sternum.

Answer 42

The upper 7 ribs called the true ribs.

Question 43

The sternum consists of these 3 parts:

Answer 43

Manubrium, elongated body, xiphoid process

Question 44

The head of the humerus articulates with the shoulder via the _______.

Answer 44

Glenoid fossa.

Question 45

The clavicle attaches to the acromion process at the _________ joint where it is held in place by the acromioclavicular, coracoacromial, trapezoid and conoid ligaments.

Answer 45

Acromioclavicular Joint (AC Joint).

Question 46

This bone articulates proximally with the glenoid fossa and distally to the radius and ulna at the elbow joint.

Answer 46

Humerus

Question 47

The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is a ____________.

Answer 47

Saddle joint

Question 48

The pelvis contains these 3 joints:

Answer 48

2 posterior sacroiliac joints and the inferior midline pubis symphysis

Question 49

What is the opening between the ischium and pubis that contains several important nerves and muscles?

Answer 49

Obturator foramen

Question 50

This ball and socket joint connects the pelvic girdle with the lower extremities.

Answer 50

Acetabulum

Question 51

What is the medial malleolus?

Answer 51

Forms the medial side of the ankle joint and lies at the distal end of the tibia.

Question 52

What is the lateral malleolus?

Answer 52

Lateral aspect of the ankle at the distal end of the fibula..