Chapter 8-Nervous System

Question 0

Myelinated nerves are surrounded by a myelin sheath manufactured by a form of nervous tissue called?

Answer 0

Schwann cells

Question 1

These provide a supporting skeleton for neural tissue, isolate and protect the cell membranes of neurons.

Answer 1

Neuroglia

Question 2

Between the nerve cells lies a gap called the?

Answer 2

Synapse

Question 3

Neurotransmitters are released from this site.

Answer 3

Presynaptic terminal

Question 4

Neurotransmitters are contained within ___________, before they are released into the synaptic cleft.

Answer 4

Synaptic Vesicles

Question 5

The CNS includes how many cranial nerves?

Answer 5

12

Question 6

10 nerves exit the brain, what 2 nerves do not?

Answer 6

olfactory and optic nerves

Question 7

What makes up the brain stem

Answer 7

Midbrain, pons and medulla

Question 8

This lobe is important in voluntary motor action, as well as personality traits.

Answer 8

Frontal lobe

Question 9

This lobe is the site for reception and evaluation of some sensory information, excluding smell, hearing and vision

Answer 9

Parietal lobe

Question 10

This lobe sits posteriorly, and is responsible for the processing of visual information.

Answer 10

Occipital lobe

Question 11

This lobe plays an important role in hearing and memory.

Answer 11

Temporal lobe

Question 12

This part of the brain stem continues inferiorly with the spinal cord

Answer 12

Medulla

Question 13

Where do the meninges attach to?

Answer 13

Crista Galli

Question 14

The entire CNS is enclosed by a set of three tough membranes known as?

Answer 14

Meninges

Question 15

The meninges float in the ___________, which is manufactured in the ventricles of the brain.

Answer 15

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Question 16

The spinal cord extends to the level of _____________.

Answer 16

2nd Lumbar Vertebrae

Question 17

At the point of the 2nd lumbar vertebrae, the spinal cord gives rise to numerous individual nerve roots called __________.

Answer 17

Cauda Equina

Question 18

These fibers carry sensory information from the periphery back to the brain.

Answer 18

Ascending Fibers (afferent tracts)

Question 19

These fibers carry motor impulses from the brain to the periphery via the PNS

Answer 19

Descending Fibers (Efferent Tracts)

Question 20

These nerves arise from the spinal cord and from numerous small nerves called rootlets.

Answer 20

Spinal Nerves

Question 21

With the exception of the first pair of spinal nerves and those in the sacrum, the remaining spinal nerves exit the vertebral column through openings between the vertebras called?

Answer 21

Intervertebral Foramen

Question 22

This is the area of skin supplied by a given pair of spinal sensory nerves

Answer 22

Dermatome

Question 23

C1-C4 vertebrae are part of this plexus, which also innervates the diaphragm via the phrenic nerve.

Answer 23

Cervical Plexus

Question 24

The brachial plexus consists of what vertebrae?

Answer 24

C5-T1

Question 25

The tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve combine to form the largest peripheral nerve in the body, which is?

Answer 25

Sciatic Nerve

Question 26

Bells Palsy results from what nerve?

Answer 26

VII Facial nerve

Question 27

What is the sympathetic pathway and what are some body characteristics associated with it?

Answer 27

Body's response to stress and shock. Release of adrenaline from the adrenal glands, shunting blood from extremities, increasing HR, RR and BP, dilation of eyes and reduction in digestive system activity are all characteristics of the sympathetic response

Question 28

What is the Parasympathetic Nervous system and what responses are associated with it?

Answer 28

Relaxes the body, lowering RR, BP, and HR, constricts pupils and increases digestive system activity

Question 29

Adrenergic Receptors are classified into two structural and functional categories, what are they?

Answer 29

Alpha and beta receptors

Question 30

This binds to both alpha and beta receptors but has a greater affinity for alpha receptors. It is a neurotransmitter released via the brain in sympathetic responses of the body.

Answer 30

Norepinephrine

Question 31

This is the primary type of stimulation in the heart.

Answer 31

Beta-1 fibers

Question 32

This type of stimulation results in enhancement of myocardial cell contraction and increased heart rate.

Answer 32

Beta-1

Question 33

Beta-2 stimulation primarily affects what parts of the body?

Answer 33

Lungs, causing bronchodilation

Question 34

This stimulation occurs mainly in the peripheral blood vessels, causing vasocontrictions.

Answer 34

Alpha-1

Question 35

This stimulation has variable effects in the brain.

Answer 35

Alpha-2