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System P 2 > Chapter 11 Second Half > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Second Half Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

What is relative polycythemia?

A

Decreased plasma

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2
Q

What is absolute primary polycythemia?

A

Increased total RBC mass

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3
Q

What is absolute secondary polycythemia?

A

Increased Erythropoietin (EPO)

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4
Q

Reactive leukocyte disorders are caused by what?

A

Microbial infection

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5
Q

Neutropenia is associated with what?

A

Aganulocytosis

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6
Q

Less than how many cells results in nurtopenia ?

A

500

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7
Q

Agranulocytosis =

A

Sever neutropenia (<100 cells):

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8
Q

How do you diagnose mono>?

A

Mono spot test

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9
Q

What are the classic symptoms of mono?

A

Reactive lymphocytes, lymphadenitis, fever, splenomegaly, hepatitis

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10
Q

“Atypical lymphocytes” are associated with what condition?

A

Mono

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11
Q

In developing countries mono mostly affects _______and is________

A

Children, asymptomatic

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12
Q

In developed countries mono normally affects _______and is most commonly________

A

Adolescent, symptomatic

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13
Q

Mono is transmitted via who?

A

Saliva

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14
Q

What causes cat scratch fever?

A

Bartonella henselae

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15
Q

Most causes (90%) of cat scratch disease are found in who?

A

Pediatrics

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16
Q

Irregular stellar necrotizing granulomas are associated with what condition?

A

Cat scratch disease.

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17
Q

How long does cat scratch disease last?

A

2-4 months

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18
Q

What are 3 lymphoid neoplasms?

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma

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19
Q

What are 3 myeloid neoplasms?

A

Acute myeloid nous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myeloprolifferative disorders

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20
Q

What is a Wbc cancer that involves the marrow or blood?

A

Leukemia

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21
Q

What is a WBC cancer that involves that lymphatic tissues?

A

Lymphoma

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22
Q

What is an agressive cancer of lymphoblasts?

A

ALL

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23
Q

Pre B cell ALL affects what?

A

Marrow/peripheral blood (MC form)

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24
Q

The Pre T cell ALL affects what?

A

Thymus

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25
What is the most common type of leukemia in children?
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
26
Pancytopenia is seen in what you of leukemia ?
Acute lymphoblastic
27
Most people are diagnosed with ALL at what age?
4
28
What is the treatment for ALL ?
Chemo (80% cured)
29
What type of cancer is associated with both B and T cells?
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
30
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with what cells?
B cells
31
What are general features of acute leukemia?
Stormy onset, marrow suppression, lymphoblasts
32
To be classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia how may lymphocytes must be present?
4000
33
If there are less than 4000 lymphocytes, CLL will be renamed what?
Small lymphocytic lymphoma
34
What is the most common leukemia of adulthood?
Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia
35
Is chronic lymphocytic leukemia agressive?
No it has a gradual progression
36
CLL involves what?
Blood
37
SLL involves what?
Nodes
38
Suppressed. B cells, hypogammaglobulinemia is associated with what?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
39
What is the prognosis for CLL?
Live 4-6 years
40
If chronic lymphocytic leukemia becomes more aggressive it turns into what?
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
41
Centrocytes are associated with what?
Follicular lymphoma
42
Follicular lymphoma is associated with what cells?
B cell
43
Lymphocytes with a cleaved nuclei are associated with what?
Follicular lymphoma
44
Follicular lymphomas make up what % of adult non Hopkins lymphoma?
40
45
When does follicular lymphoma occur?
>50
46
What are characteristics of follicular lymphoma?
Generalized lymphadenopathy, painless
47
What gene is associated with follicular lymphoma ?
BCL2
48
85% Follicular lymphoma have what?
Translocation on chromosome 14:18
49
What condition is also acted with t(11:14) ? ?>
Mantle cell lymphoma
50
What lymphoma is incurable?
Mantle cell
51
What lymphoma is associated with dysfunctional cyclinS?
Mantle cell
52
What is the most common lymphoma of adulthood ?
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
53
A history of EBV is associated with what kind of lymphoma ?
Diffuse B cell
54
What kind of lymphoma is commonly extranodal?
Diffuse large B cell
55
If diffuse large B cell lymphoma is seen early where is it most commonly found?>
GI, brain
56
If diffuse large B cell lymphoma is found late where is is commonly found?
Liver, spleen, marrow
57
What kind of lymphoma is also acted with a starry sky pattern?
Burkett lymphoma
58
What kind of lymphoma is assoacted with a mutated MYC gene via t(8:14)
Burkitt lymphoma
59
What kind of lymphoma classically affects African children, usually on the face?
Burkitt lymphoma
60
What is the fastest growing human tumor?
Burkitt lymphoma
61
If Burkitt lymphoma is seen in Africa where does it affect?
Maxilla, mandible
62
If Burkitt lymphoma affects someone in the use where is it seen?
Abdomen, GI, ovaries
63
What is a plasma cell malignant cancer?
Multiple myeloma
64
What 3 things are associated with multiple myeloma?
Osteolytic lesions, neurological, renal failure
65
Punched out lesions, and bence jones proteins are associated with what?
Multiple myeloma
66
What is a treatment for multiple myeloma?
Plasmapheresis, stem cell transplants
67
Where are the top 4 most common sites for multiple myelomas?
Vertebral column, ribs, skull
68
A reed sternberg cell with an owl eye nuclear appearance is associated with what/
Hodgkin lymphoma
69
Hodgkin lymphoma arises from what?
A single cell (spreads to Local lodes)
70
Exposure to agent orange is associated with what?
Hodgkin lymphoma
71
What is associated with an M spike and is incurable?
Multiple myeloma
72
Painless lymphadenopathy and night sweats are associated with what?
Hodgkin's lymphoma
73
Acute myeloid leukemia will replace how much of the bone marrow?
20
74
What percent of myelodysplastic sydromes will transform to AML?
40
75
The Philadelphia chromosome is associated with what leukemia?
Chronic myeloma nous leukemia
76
What kind of leukemia is associated with a t(9;22) ?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
77
Spent phase or blast crisis is associated with what kind of leukemia ?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
78
When the red pulp of the spleen has a beef appearance what kind of leukemia do they have?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
79
Polythemia Vera is also acted with no what?
Increase in EPO (absolute, primary)
80
JAK2 point mutations are associated with what ?
Polythemia Vera
81
Decreased erythropoietin and too may RBC is associated with what?
Polythemia Vera
82
What are symptoms of polycythemia Vera?
Congestion, itching, dysfunctional platelets
83
Wha this associated with MARROW fibrosis ?
Primary myelofibrosis
84
Dacrocytes are also acted with what myeloid neoplasm ?
Primary myelofibrosis
85
Birbeck granules are associated with what?
Histiocytic neoplasms
86
Langerhans cell histo cytosine is common in who?
Less that to year olds
87
Multiform like skin lesions are associated with what?
Multi system langerhans cell histiocytosis
88
What is associated with systemic coagulation, massive tissue injury, crush injuries, and bleeding?
DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation )
89
What is decreased platelets, possible CNS hemorrhage?
Thrombocytopenia
90
Acute ITP is usually seen in who?
Children
91
Chronic ITP is seen in who?
Reproductive age females
92
What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder?
Von willebrand disease
93
What is autosomal dominant disorder with dysfunctional platelet adherence, causing bleeding guns, easy brushing, epistaxis?
Vin willebrand disease
94
Factor VIII is associated with what?
Hemophilia A
95
Factor IX is associated with what?
Hemophilia B (Christmas disease )

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