Chapter 12

Question 1

Social Psychology

Answer 1

Concerned with the way individuals’ thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by others.

Question 2

Stereotyping

Answer 2

Beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group

Question 3

Prejudice

Answer 3

is a negative attitude toward a person because of group membership

Question 4

Discrimination

Answer 4

is the action of behaving differently towards members of a group

Question 5

There are 3 potential components of prejudice

Answer 5

a cognitive component, an affective component, and a behavioral component

Question 6

Cognitive

Answer 6

The thoughts about that group

Question 7

Affective

Answer 7

Emotional reaction

Question 8

Behavioral

Answer 8

Discriminatory Action (Not hiring women)

Question 9

Ingroup

Answer 9

Is the group that one associates and identifies with

Question 10

Outgroup

Answer 10

is the opposite a group one does not identify with.

Question 11

Social identity perspective

Answer 11

occur because ones social identity or pride in belonging to a group is being threatened

Question 12

Internal attributions

Answer 12

ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings (being good with money)

Question 13

External Attributes

Answer 13

Ascribe the causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints (filing for bankruptcy because of COVID)

Question 14

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 14

is an observer bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others’ behaviors (bad things happen to us and we blame it on external reasons)

Question 15

The self-serving bias

Answer 15

is the tendency to attribute one’s success to personal factors and one’s failure to situational factors

Question 16

Matching Hypothesis

Answer 16

MALES and FEMALES of approximate physical attractiveness are likely to select each other as partners, birds of a feather flock together

Question 17

Passionate Love

Answer 17

Intense emotions including sexual feelings

Question 18

Companionate Love

Answer 18

Warm trusting, tolerant affection for one another

Question 19

Triangular theory of love

Answer 19

Robert Sternberg

Question 20

Triangular theory of love has 3 componants…

Answer 20

Passion, intimacy, commitment

Question 21

Attachment Theory

Answer 21

that romantic love is an attachment process. 3 patterns of Attachment

Question 22

3 patterns of Attachment

Answer 22

Secure- easy to get close to others and describe their love relations as satisfying, interdependent, trusting, long lasting
AVOIDANT- Report a pre-occupation with love accompanied by expectations of rejection, and they describe their love relations as volatile and marked by jealousy
ANXIOUS/AMBIVALENT- Find it difficult to get close to others and describe their love relations as lacking intimacy and trust

Question 23

Attitudes

Answer 23

Are positive or negative evaluations of objects of thought

Question 24

ABC model of ATTITUDES

Answer 24

Affect- emotional feelings stimulated by objects of thought
Behavior- act in a certain way to an attitude or object
Cognitive- beliefs held about the object of an attitude

Question 25

Leon Festinger

Answer 25

Cognitive dissonance theory assumes that inconsistency among attitudes can foster attitude changes.

Question 26

Learning Theory: Attitudes can be learned or changed through...

Answer 26

-Evaluative conditioning -Operant conditioning -Observational learning

Question 27

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 27

psychological state of discomfort that exists when related attitudes or beliefs contradict one another.

Question 28

Solomon Asch

Answer 28

Conformity experiment

Question 29

Group Polarization

Answer 29

When discussion strengthens a group's dominant view and creates a shift in decisions. (jury duty)

Question 30

Group thinking

Answer 30

Conforming and following others without using your critical thinking

Question 31

Group cohesiveness

Answer 31

strength of the liking relationships linking group members