CHAPTER 13 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Biopsychosocial Model
Illness is caused by a complex interaction of BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, and SOCIOCULTURAL factors.
Perceived
Organic chem might be easy for others but hard for most
4 principal types of stress
Frustration-when the pursuit of goal is thwarted
CHANGES- change in routine
Pressure- self imposed stress
Internal conflict- behavioral impulses compete for expression
Approach-Approach
choosing between 2 good options
Avoidence-avoidance
choosing between 2 bad options
Approach-avoidance
The choice must be made between attractive and unattractive options.
Cognitive reaction
self-blame often leads to guilt, helplessness, sadness
Hans Seyle
Racehorse vs Turtle
1st stage
An alarm Reaction occurs when an organism first recognizes the existence of a threat
2nd stage
Resistance to physiological arousal typically stabilizes at a high level and stress resistance is strong as coping efforts get under way.
3rd stage exhaustion
physiological resources are depleted and arousal and stress resistance decline
First pathway
Hypothalamus, sympathetic nervous system, adrenal glands
second pathway
Hypothalamus,pituitary glands, ACTH hormone, adrenal gland,
Coping
refers to efforts to master reduce or tolerate demands created by stress
Constructive coping
the relatively healthful behavioral efforts to deal with stressful events.
Maladaptive coping
Maladaptive coping ways: blaming yourself, striking out at others, indulgence
Learned Helplessness
Adopt a passive way of addressing stress to avoid adverse events. giving up even when there is a way out
Historical
psychosomatic diseases we defined as physical ailments (high BP, ulcers, migraines, eczema)
Contemporary
stress contributes to a diverse array of other diseases. (cardiovascular disease)
Personality Factors
Type A- Rigid, competitive, impatient
Type B- Patient, easygoing, flexible
Psychoimmuneology
Psychological effects on our immune system
Social Support
Various types of aid and succor are provided by members of one’s social networks
Social support is
INVERSLY correlated with morality (so the more social support you have the longer you live)
Health Impairing Behaviours
Smoking, Alcohol and Drugs, Poor nutrition and lack of exercise
