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Clinical Psychology > Chapter 12: Cognitive-behavior Interventions > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Cognitive-behavior Interventions Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the undisputed originators of cognitive behavioral treatment?

A

Aaron beck and Albert Ellis

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2
Q

Cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT)

A

• Improves psychological functioning; corrects
maladaptive thinking and behaving
• Changes thoughts and feelings about self, others,and unpleasant situations beyond control
• Enhances problem solving, communication

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3
Q

Cognitive perspective

A

• Thoughts influence emotions and behaviors
– Clinicians and clients work together to identify, remove maladaptive thinking

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4
Q

Cognition

A

Thoughts about events, situations in environment

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5
Q

ABC Model

A

– A: activating event, activity, and adversity
– B: beliefs
– C: emotional and behavioral consequences

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6
Q

What is the ABC model?

A

Different disorder have diffrent maladaptive thinking patterns

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7
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

The tendency to see oneself as a failure, the future as hopeless, and to focus on negative aspects of situations

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8
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

The tendency to overestimate the probability and severity of a crisis (e.g., losing a job)

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9
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

The belief that others are always very critical and that it’s awful to be evaluated negatively

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10
Q

Obsessive compulsive disorder

A

Overestimates of threat and responsibility, beliefs that intrusive thoughts are highly significant and need to be controlled, and the intolerance of uncertainty and imperfection

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11
Q

Panic disorder

A

The idea that experiencing anxiety is dangerous or harmful (e.g., when my heart beats fast, I worry I’m having a heart attack)

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12
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

Beliefs that one is medically ill (despite a lack of evidence) and that any pain or discomfort is a sign of a serious medical problem

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13
Q

All or nothing thinking

A

Seeing things in either “black or white” categories

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14
Q

Overgeneralization

A

Seeing a single negative event as a never-ending pattern

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15
Q

Mental filter

A

Exclusively focusing on a negative aspect(s) of a situation

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16
Q

Disqualifying the positive

A

Rejecting positive experiences by insisting that they do not “count,” for one reason or another

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17
Q

Jumping to conclusions

A

Making negative interpretations without adequate evidence

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18
Q

Mind reading

A

Assuming you know what others are thinking without adequate evidence

19
Q

Catastrophizing

A

Attributing or anticipating extremely awful consequences to events

20
Q

Emotional reasoning

A

Assuming that negative emotions necessarily reflect the situational reality

21
Q

Should and musts statements

A

Endorsing rigid yet arbitrary rules

22
Q

Labeling and mislabeling

A

Taking one behavior or characteristic of oneself (or others) and applying it to the whole person

23
Q

Personalization

A

Entirely blaming oneself, or someone else, for a situation that involved many factors or was out of your control

24
Q

Maladaptive thoughts

A

Endorsing thoughts that are not necessarily irrational or distorted, but are nevertheless unproductive or unhelpful

25
Q

Downward arrow technique

A

• Identifying a particular adverse event,
• Asking the client what this situation means, and
• Continuing to ask the same question until one or
more dysfunctional thinking patterns is revealed

26
Q

CBT outcome

A

-lasts 8-20 weeks
-When clients learn situational skills application treatment ends
-self report also used

27
Q

Collaborative empiricism

A

-client and practitioner share responsibility for CBT
• How client’s maladaptive cognitions lead to
maladaptive behavior, distress
• Distress can be reduced with healthy cognitions |Collaboratively devise beneficial positive ways of
thinking

28
Q

Who developed rational therapy (RT)

A

Albert Ellis

29
Q

What is Rational therapy

A

– Based on ABC model; used emotive, metaphorical techniques to change clients’ feelings, behavior
(Renamed to rational emotive therapy) (RET)

30
Q

What does rational emotive therapy address?

A

Irrational beliefs of clients (confront beliefs to become realistic)

31
Q

Demandingness

A

Absolutistic ideas such as musts, absolute shoulds, have tos, “I need,” and “I ought”

32
Q

Awfulizing

A

Evaluating something as more than 100% bad

33
Q

Low frustration tolerance

A

The idea that a struggle (or other situation) is truly unbearable

34
Q

Conditional self/other acceptance

A

Labeling oneself (or acceptance
someone else) based only on a single characteristic or an aspect of behavior

35
Q

Socratic dialogue

A

-client asked open-ended, direct questions to promote logic
• Homework assignments strengthen new
thoughts

36
Q

Becks cognitive therapy

A

-less directive than REBT
-uses guided discovery
-ABC process (slowed down)

37
Q

What is guided discovery?

A

Collaborative empiricism

38
Q

Becks cognitive therapy outcome?

A

-research support for children/adults
-as effective as medication for depression
-longer lasting effects
(Not suitable for all)

39
Q

Cognitive bias modification

A

-experimental intervention (tasks completed to changed biased thinking)
-less conscious way
-word sentence association

40
Q

What is a word sentences association

A

Users make benign changes to ambiguous situations

41
Q

Cognitive bias modification outcomes

A

-efficiency/effectiveness under study
-suitable to clients w/o access to therapy/low intervention
-cognitive flexibility
-shows low efficiency/improvements not maintained

42
Q

Multi component CBT programs are

A

-treatment packages that include behavioral and cognitive components
-treatments developed for DSM disorders

43
Q

Criticisms of CBT

A

-developed on European Americans (not diverse sample)
-effort required from client for treatment to work
-limiting to those with less motivation/ learning disabilities

Clinical Psychology (9 decks)

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