Chapter 12 Quiz

Question 1

The mnemonic AVPU is used to evaluate which of the following?
Select one:

A.
Patient’s transport priority

B.
Patient’s chief complaint

C.
Patient’s level of responsiveness

D.
EMT’s general impression of the patient’s condition

Answer 1

C.
Patient’s level of responsiveness

Question 2

Which of the following is the purpose of the primary assessment?
Select one:

A.
To detect dangers to the patient and/or EMS crew

B.
To find all of the patient’s signs and symptoms

C.
To detect and treat immediately life-threatening problems

D.
To discover trends of improvement or deterioration in the patient’s condition

Answer 2

C.
To detect and treat immediately life-threatening problems

Question 3

Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general impression?
Select one:

A.
Detecting odors

B.
Listening for unusual sounds

C.
Looking for visual clues

D.
All of these

Answer 3

D.
All of these

Question 4

What is a normal capillary refill time in a pediatric patient?
Select one:

A.
1 minute

B.
5 seconds

C.
3 seconds

D.
less than 2 seconds

Answer 4

D.
less than 2 seconds

Question 5

Which of the following is true concerning the primary assessment?
Select one:

A.
External bleeding will be obvious as you enter the room and initially see the patient.

B.
Manual airway maneuvers must be performed on all patients.

C.
The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room.

D.
The EMT should perform a sternal rub on all patients to test for response to painful stimuli.

Answer 5

C.
The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room.

Question 6

During the primary assessment of an unresponsive two-month-old infant, which pulse should be palpated?
Select one:

A.
Carotid

B.
Brachial

C.
Umbilical

D.
Radial

Answer 6

B.
Brachial

Question 7

You are approaching a young adult male lying supine on the ground with his eyes closed. You should:
Select one:

A.
feel for a pulse.

B.
expose his chest.

C.
ask him if he is okay.

D.
open his airway.

Answer 7

C.
ask him if he is okay.

Question 8

Which of the following is a good indication of a partially occluded airway?
Select one:

A.
The patient is speaking clearly.

B.
The patient is alert.

C.
The patient has snoring respirations.

D.
The patient is crying loudly.

Answer 8

C.
The patient has snoring respirations.

Question 9

Which of the following is not performed during the airway phase of the primary assessment?
Select one:

A.
Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

B.
Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway

C.
Obtaining the respiratory rate

D.
Suctioning

Answer 9

C.
Obtaining the respiratory rate

Question 10

During the primary assessment of a responsive adult patient, where should the pulse be checked?
Select one:

A.
At the brachial artery

B.
At the carotid artery

C.
At the radial artery

D.
At the femoral artery

Answer 10

C.
At the radial artery

Question 11

You find a middle-aged unresponsive man lying prone on the ground near a ladder. You should:
Select one:

A.
roll him over to a supine position.

B.
pick him up with a scoop stretcher.

C.
move the ladder out of the way.

D.
manually immobilize his head.

Answer 11

D.
manually immobilize his head.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes an EMS provider’s “sixth sense”?
Select one:

A.
Scene safety

B.
Diagnostic ability

C.
General impression

D.
Clinical judgment

Answer 12

D.
Clinical judgment

Question 13

What is the first thing the EMT does during the primary assessment?
Select one:

A.
Assesses mental status

B.
Determines transport priority

C.
Forms a general impression

D.
Opens the airway

Answer 13

C.
Forms a general impression

Question 14

You are at the scene where a 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of trauma; has vomited; and has slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do next?
Select one:

A.
Open the patient’s airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver.

B.
Determine the respiratory rate.

C.
Check for carotid and radial pulses.

D.
Assist respirations with a bag-valve-mask device.

Answer 14

A.
Open the patient’s airway using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver.

Question 15

In the primary assessment, which of the following is not an acceptable method of assessing the patient’s circulatory status?
Select one:

A.
Looking for serious bleeding

B.
Assessing the patient’s skin color

C.
Checking a radial pulse

D.
Taking a blood pressure reading

Answer 15

D.
Taking a blood pressure reading

Question 16

You have arrived on the scene at a high school football field where a 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done first?
Select one:

A.
Assist ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen.

B.
Open the patient’s airway using a manual maneuver.

C.
Insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway.

D.
Apply high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask.

Answer 16

B.
Open the patient’s airway using a manual maneuver.

Question 17

For which of the following patients would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory status?
Select one:

A.
3-year-old child with a fever and cough

B.
50-year-old woman complaining of chest pain

C.
92-year-old man complaining of weakness on his right side

D.
24-year-old homeless man who has spent the night outside in the rain

Answer 17

A.
3-year-old child with a fever and cough

Question 18

In EMS, what does mental status refer to?
Select one:

A.
The patient’s level of awareness of his surroundings

B.
Any history of mental illness that the patient may have

C.
The patient’s general level of intelligence

D.
None of these

Answer 18

A.
The patient’s level of awareness of his surroundings

Question 19

You are approaching an adult female lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. You should:
Select one:

A.
ventilate with a bag-valve mask.

B.
open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver.

C.
insert an oropharyngeal airway.

D.
insert a nasopharyngeal airway.

Answer 19

B.
open her airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver.

Question 20

Which of the following questions will most likely elicit your patient’s chief complaint?
Select one:

A.
Have you been drinking today?

B.
Do you have any medical problems?

C.
What made you call 911 this evening?

D.
How have you been feeling lately?

Answer 20

C.
What made you call 911 this evening?

Question 21

Which of the following is not assessed during the breathing phase of the primary assessment?
Select one:

A.
The depth of respiration

B.
The respiratory rate

C.
The pulse oximetry reading

D.
The presence of respirations

Answer 21

C.
The pulse oximetry reading

Question 22

Your patient is a middle-aged man who appears to be in distress and is clutching his chest. These observations lead you to suspect which type of problem?
Select one:

A.
Anaphylaxis

B.
Choking

C.
Cardiac

D.
Digestive

Answer 22

C.
Cardiac

Question 23

Which of the following is the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately life-threatening conditions?
Select one:

A.
Obtaining a detailed medical history

B.
Systematic approach to assessment

C.
Thorough scene size-up

D.
Use of intuition

Answer 23

B.
Systematic approach to assessment

Question 24

Which of the following indicates a possible circulatory problem?
Select one:

A.
Weak, thready pulse that is normal in rate

B.
Slow pulse

C.
Rapid pulse

D.
All of these

Answer 24

D.
All of these

Question 25

Which of the following is the proper position for maintaining the airway in a child with a decreased level of consciousness? Select one: A. Hyperextension of the neck; placing a pillow under the back if necessary B. Flexing the neck to place the chin on the chest; placing a folded towel under the back of the head if necessary C. Placing the head and neck in a neutral position; using a folded towel under the shoulders if necessary D. Using a cervical collar to keep the chin elevated

Answer 25

C. Placing the head and neck in a neutral position; using a folded towel under the shoulders if necessary

Question 26

Which of the following patients is a high priority for transport? Select one: A. Adult male with dull abdominal pain B. Adult male with sharp lower back pain C. Adult male with difficulty breathing D. Adult male with a headache

Answer 26

C. Adult male with difficulty breathing

Question 27

Which of the following is not true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than alert? Select one: A. His brain may not be getting enough oxygen. B. He requires high-concentration oxygen. C. He may not have adequate blood circulation. D. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep.

Answer 27

D. He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep.

Question 28

Which of the following differences should be expected when assessing a pediatric patient, as compared to an adult patient? Select one: A. An adult's tongue is proportionally larger than that of a child and should always be considered as a potential airway obstruction. B. The normal pulse rate is slower. C. Capillary refill is not as reliable an indicator of circulatory status. D. The normal respiratory rate is faster.

Answer 28

D. The normal respiratory rate is faster.

Question 29

Which of the following describes the chief complaint? Select one: A. Reason why the patient summoned EMS B. Events immediately preceding the call for EMS C. Overall impression of the patient's condition D. All of these

Answer 29

A. Reason why the patient summoned EMS

Question 30

Which of the following presentations would be considered normal during the breathing phase of the primary assessment? Select one: A. Respiratory rate of 16 with altered mental status B. Respiratory rate of 6 with shallow depth C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth D. Respiratory rate of 28 with adequate depth

Answer 30

C. Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth

Question 31

A patient whose mental status can be described as verbal is able to: Select one: A. respond only to a stimulus such as the EMT rubbing his sternum with his knuckles. B. respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes. C. tell you his or her name, his or her location, and what day it is. D. talk spontaneously and respond to the EMT's questions.

Answer 31

B. respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes.

Question 32

Which of the following findings is generally not used to assess an adult's circulation? Select one: A. Patient's capillary refill time B. Patient's distal pulse rate C. Patient's skin color, temperature, and condition D. Evaluation for bleeding

Answer 32

A. Patient's capillary refill time

Question 33

Your patient is a 33-year-old man who has been ejected from his vehicle during a high-speed collision. During your primary assessment it is discovered that he is not moving, does not appear to have adequate respirations, and has suffered moderate external bleeding. Which of the following should be done first? Select one: A. Check the patient's carotid pulse. B. Control the bleeding with direct pressure. C. Begin bag-valve-mask ventilations. D. Open the airway.

Answer 33

D. Open the airway.

Question 34

Which term refers to the EMT's initial sense of the patient's condition, based on immediate assessment of the patient's environment, appearance, and chief complaint? Select one: A. Secondary assessment B. Scene size-up C. Primary assessment D. General impression

Answer 34

D. General impression

Question 35

You find a teenage male lying supine in his bedroom. You hear gurgling sounds from the patient's mouth and see vomit with pill fragments on the floor. You should: Select one: A. suction the airway. B. perform chest thrusts. C. identify the pills. D. ventilate with oxygen.

Answer 35

A. suction the airway.

Question 36

You enter a room to find a 16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back straight, leaning forward, and her arms supporting her. She is having a hard time talking to you. You should suspect: Select one: A. abdominal pain. B. allergic reaction. C. respiratory distress. D. chest discomfort.

Answer 36

C. respiratory distress.

Question 37

You are approaching a 16-year-old male with bright red spurting blood coming from his leg. He is screaming and he begs you to help him. You should: Select one: A. apply oxygen. B. control the bleeding. C. assess his airway. D. ask him to calm down.

Answer 37

B. control the bleeding.

Question 38

Which of the following is the correct manner for checking for responsiveness in an apparently unresponsive infant? Select one: A. Pinching the earlobe B. Shaking the child C. Flicking the soles of the feet D. Rubbing the sternum with your knuckles

Answer 38

C. Flicking the soles of the feet

Question 39

Which of the following represents the correct order of assessment for the EMT during the primary assessment from start to end? Select one: A. General impression, mental status, airway, breathing, circulation, patient priority B. Mental status, general impression, airway, breathing, circulation, patient priority C. Patient priority, general impression, mental status, airway, breathing, circulation D. None of these

Answer 39

A. General impression, mental status, airway, breathing, circulation, patient priority

Question 40

Your patient is a 42-year-old woman who fell two feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information given? Select one: A. Chief complaint B. Transport priority C. Airway status D. General impression

Answer 40

B. Transport priority

Question 41

In EMS, which of the following best describes the term intervention? Select one: A. Decreasing the EMT's liability for negligence B. Taking steps to correct a problem C. Creating a permanent record of patient care D. Determining if there is a problem

Answer 41

B. Taking steps to correct a problem

Question 42

Your patient is a 72-year-old female who has "twisted her ankle" coming down some steps. She is alert and complaining of pain in her right ankle, but she jokes about her "clumsiness." Which of the following should you do next? Select one: A. Ask if the patient has pain anywhere beside her ankle. B. Take immediate manual control of the patient's cervical spine. C. Administer high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask. D. Determine the presence of a carotid pulse.

Answer 42

A. Ask if the patient has pain anywhere beside her ankle.

Question 43

Which of the following is not part of the general impression? Select one: A. Patient's facial expression B. Patient's age and sex C. Patient's past medical history D. Position in which the patient is found

Answer 43

C. Patient's past medical history