Chapter 12 - Small N Designs Flashcards
(13 cards)
Small Sample (N) Research
A study with a single individual (N = 1) or a very small group of individuals. Frequently associated with B.F. Skinner and applied behavior analysis.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Small N designs with precise control over the experimental situation of a single subject. Called EAB by B.F. Skinner.
Operant Conditioning
A process where the frequency of a behavior is modified by the consequences of the behavior.
Rate (Frequency) of Response
Most frequent DV in EAB.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Considered basic research using operant conditioning (understanding basic or fundamental processes).
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
Considered translational research because it can be used in both basic and applied settings. (using operant principles to solve real-life behavioral problems).
A-B Design
A = baseline
B = treatment
Withdrawal Designs (Reversal Designs)
Withdrawing the treatment and observe if the behavior returns to its baseline level.
Ex. A-B-A design, A-B-A-B design
Multiple Baseline Designs
Establishes multiple baselines (in multiple domains or among multiple people) and treatment is introduced at different times.
Changing Criterion Designs
Use an operant conditioning procedure called shaping. Treatment is started and continued until some initial criterion is made increasingly more stringent. Used when target behavior is too difficult or complex for someone to reach all at once.
Shaping
Produces a behavior by reinforcing gradual approximations to the final desired behavior.
Case Study (Case History)
Detailed description and analysis of a single individual. Usually qualitative and in narrative form and quantitative dats is typically also incorporated.
