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AP Euro Vocab > Chapter 13 1-29 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 1-29 Flashcards

1
Q

Christian humanism

A

profound preoccupation with religion; focused on sources of early Christianity, the Holy Scriptures; Christian humanists started to call for radical change; education could instill a true inner piety

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2
Q

Desiderius Erasmus

A

(1466-1536) formulated and popularized the reform program of Christian humanism; most influential of all Christian humanists

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3
Q

The Praise of Folly

A

written by Erasmus; criticized the most corrupt practices of his society; esp. harsh on the abuses committed by the clergy

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4
Q

Thomas More

A

(1478-1535) Lord Chancellor of England; presented a new social system in which cooperation and reason replaced power and fame as the proper motivating agents for human society

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5
Q

Utopia

A

written in 1516; an account of the idealistic life and institutions of the community of Utopia; reflects More’s concerns with the economic, social, and political problems of his day

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6
Q

pluralism

A

the holding of many church offices

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7
Q

indulgence

A

remission of all or part of the temporal punishment due to sin

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8
Q

Modern Devotion

A

popular mystical movement; spawned the lay religious order, the Brothers and Sisters of the Common Life, and a reform of monastic life in Germany and the Low Countries

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9
Q

Brothers and Sisters of the Common Life

A

a lay religious order produced by the Modern Devotion

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10
Q

Thomas a Kempis

A

best-known member of Brothers of the Common Life; wrote the great mystical classical of the Modern Devotion, The Imitation of Christ

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11
Q

The Imitation of Christ

A

deemphasis of religious dogma; a life of inner piety was preferable to dogma and intellectual speculation

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12
Q

Martin Luther

A

split with the Catholic church; salvation is achieved by faith alone; the Bible is the chief guide to religious truth; Protestant Reformation, 95 Theses

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13
Q

justification by faith

A

primary doctrine of the Protestant Reformation; expounded by Luther

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14
Q

Albrecht of Brandenburg

A

purchased the archbishopric of Mainz with money from the Fugger Bank; paid the Pope and the bank with money from indulgences

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15
Q

Johann Tetzel

A

hired by Albrecht; a Dominican; sold indulgences

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16
Q

95 Theses

A

Luther’s response to indulgences sold by the Catholic church; marks the beginning of the Reformation

17
Q

Johann Eck

A

Catholic theologian; debated against Luther in the Leipzig Debate; forced Luther to deny the authority of popes and councils

18
Q

Reichstag

A

imperial diet (council) of the HRE in Worms, convened by the newly elected emperor Charles 5

19
Q

Edict of Worms

A

Luther made an outlaw within the HRE; Luther delivered to the emperor and his works burned

20
Q

Nuremburg

A

first imperial city to convert to Lutheranism

21
Q

Philip Melanchthon

A

taught Greek and Hebrew in Wittenberg; supporter of Luther

22
Q

Peasants’ War

A

revolt by peasants in Germany due to economic and social issues; condemned by Luther

23
Q

transubstantiation

A

substance of the break and wine is transformed into the body and blood of Jesus; Catholic doctrine

24
Q

Charles 5

A

HRE, had conflict with the French, Turks, papacy, and Germany’s internal situation; wanted to preserve Catholic faith in his empire

25
Q

Francis I

A

clashed with Charles 5 over disputed territories, became known as the Habsburg-Valois Wars

26
Q

Habsburg-Valois Wars

A

conflicts between Francis I and Charles 5 over territories; prevented Charles from concentrating on the Lutherna problem in Germany

27
Q

Suleiman the Magnificent

A

led the Ottoman Turks; killed Louis if Hungary, moved into Austria, and was repelled in Vienna

28
Q

Schmalkaldic League

A

defensive alliance formed by 8 princes and 11 impreial cities, all Lutheran; designed to counter Charles 5

29
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

important turning point in Reformation; division of Christianity formally acknowledged; Lutheranism granted the same legal rights as Catholicism

AP Euro Vocab (7 decks)

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