chapter 13 Flashcards
process of influencing people to direct their efforts toward the achievement of some particular goal or goals
leadership
use of work-centered behavior designed to ensure task accomplishment
authoritarian leadership
use of work centered behavior coupled with a protective employee-centered concern
paternalistic leadership
use of both work or task-centered and people-centered approaches to leading subordinates
participative leadership
workers do not like to work and will avoid it, workers have little ambition, like to be directed, primary need of employees is job security, use of coercion, control, threats is necessary
beliefs of theory x managers
expenditure of physical and mental effort at work is as natural to people as resting or playing, people will exercise self-direction and self-control if committed to the goals, average human learns to seek responsibility
beliefs of theory y managers
people are motivated by a strong sense of commitment to be part of a greater whole, employees seek out responsibility and look for opportunities to advance in organization, employees who learn different aspects of the business will be in a better position to contribute to the broader goals of the organization
beliefs of theory z managers
creation of uncertainty and the analysis of many alternatives regarding future action
variety amplification
limiting of uncertainty and the focusing of action on a limited number of alternatives
variety reduction
motivate followers to accept new goals and new ways of doing things
transformational leaders
exchange rewards for effort and performance
transactional leaders
inspire and motivate employees through charismatic traits and abilities
charismatic leaders
what are the four I’s
idealized influence
inspirational motivation
intellectual stimulation
individualized consideration
captures the ability of leaders to inspire, motivate, and encourage high performance outcomes from others based on a foundation of core values
charismatic/value-based leadership
emphasizes effective team building and implementation of a common goal among team members
team-oriented
involves others in decisions and decision implementation
participative
comprises supportive and considerate leadership
humane oriented
independent and individualistic leadership behaviors
autonomous
ensures safety and security of the individual and group through status enhancement and face-saving
self-protective
focuses on positive outcomes, processes, and attributes of organizations and their members, includes enablers, motivations, and outcomes or effects
positive organizational scholarship
