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MMSC 200 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

(110 cards)

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1
Q

blood

A

maintain a constant environment for the other living tissues of the body

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2
Q

hematopoietic stem cells

A

create red blood cells and white blood cells

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3
Q

heme

A

iron containing pigment

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4
Q

globin

A

protein

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5
Q

-poeisis

A

formation

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6
Q

erythrocytes

A

originate in bone marrow, erythropoietin secreted by the kidneys stimulates their production, live for 120 days

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7
Q

macrophages

A

destroy the worn out erythrocytes

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8
Q

heme

A

releases iron and decomposes into a yellow-orange pigment called bilirubin

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9
Q

granulocytes

A

eosinphil, basophil, neutrophil

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10
Q

leukocytes

A

lymphocyte and monocyte

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11
Q

-phil

A

attraction to

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12
Q

eosinphil

A

red, allergic response and engulf substances that trigger the allergies

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13
Q

basophils

A

dark blue, heparin (anticlotting substance), histamine (chemical released in allergic responses)

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14
Q

neutrophils

A

neutral, phagocytes, accumulate at sites of infection, ingest and destroy bacteria, most numerous

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15
Q

phag/o

A

to eat or swallow

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16
Q

colony-stimulating factors

A

CSFs, promote growth of granulocytes in bone marrow, sometimes given to cancer patients

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17
Q

erythropoietin

A

produced by recombinant DNA techniques, stimulate red blood cell production from kidneys

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18
Q

monocytes

A

phagocytic cells that fight disease, macrophages, dispose of dead and dying tissues

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19
Q

lymphocytes

A

immune response, make antibodies

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20
Q

platelets

A

form in bone marrow, megakaryocytes, help blood to clot, albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, prothrombin

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21
Q

albumin

A

maintains proper proportion of water in blood

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22
Q

globulins

A

alpha, beta, gamma, gamma=immunoglobulins, antibodies that bind to and destroy antigens, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE

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23
Q

electrophoresis

A

electrical current passes through solution of plasma, different proteins separate depending of size and electric charge

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24
Q

plasmpheresis

A

process of separating plasma from cells, spun in centrifuge, plasma left on top

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25
-apheresis
removal
26
disseminated intravascular coagulation
DIC, excessive blood clotting in blood vessels
27
Rh factor
+ or - antigen in blood
28
fibrin clot
final result of a blood clot from fibrinogen
29
-gen
giving rise to
30
clotting factors
factor 8, factor 9, people missing these have hemophilia
31
serum
related to plasma, without clotting factor
32
anticoagulant substances
in the blood so clotting doesn't happen all the time, heparin, warfarin (drug given to patients with thromboembolic disease)
33
direct oral anticoagulants
DOACs work by inhibiting blood clotting factors like thrombin
34
bas/o
base
35
chrom/o
color
36
coagul/o
clotting
37
cyt/o
cell
38
eosin/o
red
39
erythr/o
red
40
granul/o
granules
41
hem/o
blood
42
hemat/o
blood
43
hemoglobin/o
hemoglobin
44
is/o
same, equal
45
kary/o
nucleus
46
leuk/o
white
47
mon/o
single, one
48
morph/o
shape, form
49
myel/o
bone marrow
50
neutr/o
neutral
51
nucle/o
nucleus
52
phag/o
to eat or swallow
53
poikil/o
varried, irregular
54
sider/o
iron
55
spher/o
round
56
thromb/o
clot
57
-crit
to separate
58
-cytosis
increase in the number of cells
59
-blast
immature
60
macro-
large
61
micro-
small
62
-emia
blood condition
63
-gen
producing
64
-globin, -globulin
protein
65
-lytic
destruction
66
-oid
derived, relating to, or originating in form
67
-osis
abnormal condition
68
-penia
deficiency
69
-phage
eat, swallow
70
-philia
attraction for
71
-phoresis
carrying, transmission
72
-poiesis
formation
73
-stasis
control
74
dyscrasia
disease
75
anemia
deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, most common is iron deficiency
76
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in bone marrow, idiopathic, pancytopenia
77
hemolytic anemia
excessive destruction of red blood cells, spleen, congenital spherocytic anemia or hereditary spherocytosis
78
sickle cell anemia
abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis, arthralgia, acute attacks of abdominal pain, ulcerations or extremities, gene therapy is being explored
79
thalassemia
inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia
80
pernicious anemia
lack of mature red blood cells, inability to absorb vitamin b12, lack of intrinsic factor, named before treatment
81
pernicious
harmful, dangerous
82
hemochromatosis
excess iron deposits in body
83
polycythemia vera
increase in red blood cells, blood is thick, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis as well
84
hemophilia
excessive bleeding, lack of factors 8 or 9 which are necessary for blood clotting, often bleed into weight baring joints
85
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under skin, petechiae = small, pinpoint spots, ecchymoses = large bruises, deficiency of platelets
86
leukemia
increase in malignant white blood cells (leukocytes)
87
acut myeloid leukemia
immature granulocytes predominate
88
acute lymphoid leukemia
immature lymphocytes predominate (children), sudden onset
89
chronic myeloid leukemia
both mature and immature granulocytes present, live for many years without problems
90
chronic lymphoid leukemia
mature lymphocytes predominate, most common, elderly, no immediate treatment
91
remission
disappearance of signs and symptoms
92
relapse
disease signs and symptoms reappear
93
granulocytosis
increase in granulocytes, increase in neutrophils may occur in response to infection
94
mononucleosis
infectious disease with increase numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical nodes, more commonly known as mono
95
multiple myeloma
malignant tumor of bone marrow, drugs are used to relieve
96
antiglobulin (coombs) test
test for presence of antibodies that damage red blood cells
97
complete blood count
number of blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell values
98
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
99
hematocrit
percent of red blood cells in volume of blood
100
hemoglobin test
total amount of hemoglobin in sample
101
platlet count
number of platelets
102
prothrombin time
test ability of blood to clot, check for bleeding problems
103
red blood cell count
number of red blood cells
104
red blood cell morphology
determine shape of red blood cells
105
white blood cell count
number of leukocytes
106
white blood cell count differential
percent of different leukocytes in blood, shift to left = increase in immature neutrophils in blood
107
apheresis
seperation of blood into component parts
108
blood transfusion
whole blood cells are taken from donor and infused into patient
109
bone marrow biopsy
examination of bone marrow
110
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
stem cells from donor are given to patient, can be autologous

MMSC 200 (15 decks)

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