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MMSC 200 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

blood

A

maintain a constant environment for the other living tissues of the body

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2
Q

hematopoietic stem cells

A

create red blood cells and white blood cells

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3
Q

heme

A

iron containing pigment

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4
Q

globin

A

protein

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5
Q

-poeisis

A

formation

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6
Q

erythrocytes

A

originate in bone marrow, erythropoietin secreted by the kidneys stimulates their production, live for 120 days

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7
Q

macrophages

A

destroy the worn out erythrocytes

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8
Q

heme

A

releases iron and decomposes into a yellow-orange pigment called bilirubin

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9
Q

granulocytes

A

eosinphil, basophil, neutrophil

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10
Q

leukocytes

A

lymphocyte and monocyte

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11
Q

-phil

A

attraction to

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12
Q

eosinphil

A

red, allergic response and engulf substances that trigger the allergies

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13
Q

basophils

A

dark blue, heparin (anticlotting substance), histamine (chemical released in allergic responses)

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14
Q

neutrophils

A

neutral, phagocytes, accumulate at sites of infection, ingest and destroy bacteria, most numerous

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15
Q

phag/o

A

to eat or swallow

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16
Q

colony-stimulating factors

A

CSFs, promote growth of granulocytes in bone marrow, sometimes given to cancer patients

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17
Q

erythropoietin

A

produced by recombinant DNA techniques, stimulate red blood cell production from kidneys

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18
Q

monocytes

A

phagocytic cells that fight disease, macrophages, dispose of dead and dying tissues

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19
Q

lymphocytes

A

immune response, make antibodies

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20
Q

platelets

A

form in bone marrow, megakaryocytes, help blood to clot, albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, prothrombin

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21
Q

albumin

A

maintains proper proportion of water in blood

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22
Q

globulins

A

alpha, beta, gamma, gamma=immunoglobulins, antibodies that bind to and destroy antigens, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE

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23
Q

electrophoresis

A

electrical current passes through solution of plasma, different proteins separate depending of size and electric charge

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24
Q

plasmpheresis

A

process of separating plasma from cells, spun in centrifuge, plasma left on top

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25
Q

-apheresis

A

removal

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26
Q

disseminated intravascular coagulation

A

DIC, excessive blood clotting in blood vessels

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27
Q

Rh factor

A

+ or - antigen in blood

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28
Q

fibrin clot

A

final result of a blood clot from fibrinogen

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29
Q

-gen

A

giving rise to

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30
Q

clotting factors

A

factor 8, factor 9, people missing these have hemophilia

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31
Q

serum

A

related to plasma, without clotting factor

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32
Q

anticoagulant substances

A

in the blood so clotting doesn’t happen all the time, heparin, warfarin (drug given to patients with thromboembolic disease)

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33
Q

direct oral anticoagulants

A

DOACs work by inhibiting blood clotting factors like thrombin

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34
Q

bas/o

A

base

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35
Q

chrom/o

A

color

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36
Q

coagul/o

A

clotting

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37
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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38
Q

eosin/o

A

red

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39
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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40
Q

granul/o

A

granules

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41
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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42
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

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43
Q

hemoglobin/o

A

hemoglobin

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44
Q

is/o

A

same, equal

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45
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

46
Q

leuk/o

A

white

47
Q

mon/o

A

single, one

48
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

49
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

50
Q

neutr/o

A

neutral

51
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

52
Q

phag/o

A

to eat or swallow

53
Q

poikil/o

A

varried, irregular

54
Q

sider/o

A

iron

55
Q

spher/o

A

round

56
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

57
Q

-crit

A

to separate

58
Q

-cytosis

A

increase in the number of cells

59
Q

-blast

A

immature

60
Q

macro-

A

large

61
Q

micro-

A

small

62
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

63
Q

-gen

A

producing

64
Q

-globin, -globulin

A

protein

65
Q

-lytic

A

destruction

66
Q

-oid

A

derived, relating to, or originating in form

67
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

68
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

69
Q

-phage

A

eat, swallow

70
Q

-philia

A

attraction for

71
Q

-phoresis

A

carrying, transmission

72
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

73
Q

-stasis

A

control

74
Q

dyscrasia

A

disease

75
Q

anemia

A

deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, most common is iron deficiency

76
Q

aplastic anemia

A

failure of blood cell production in bone marrow, idiopathic, pancytopenia

77
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

excessive destruction of red blood cells, spleen, congenital spherocytic anemia or hereditary spherocytosis

78
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis, arthralgia, acute attacks of abdominal pain, ulcerations or extremities, gene therapy is being explored

79
Q

thalassemia

A

inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia

80
Q

pernicious anemia

A

lack of mature red blood cells, inability to absorb vitamin b12, lack of intrinsic factor, named before treatment

81
Q

pernicious

A

harmful, dangerous

82
Q

hemochromatosis

A

excess iron deposits in body

83
Q

polycythemia vera

A

increase in red blood cells, blood is thick, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis as well

84
Q

hemophilia

A

excessive bleeding, lack of factors 8 or 9 which are necessary for blood clotting, often bleed into weight baring joints

85
Q

purpura

A

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under skin, petechiae = small, pinpoint spots, ecchymoses = large bruises, deficiency of platelets

86
Q

leukemia

A

increase in malignant white blood cells (leukocytes)

87
Q

acut myeloid leukemia

A

immature granulocytes predominate

88
Q

acute lymphoid leukemia

A

immature lymphocytes predominate (children), sudden onset

89
Q

chronic myeloid leukemia

A

both mature and immature granulocytes present, live for many years without problems

90
Q

chronic lymphoid leukemia

A

mature lymphocytes predominate, most common, elderly, no immediate treatment

91
Q

remission

A

disappearance of signs and symptoms

92
Q

relapse

A

disease signs and symptoms reappear

93
Q

granulocytosis

A

increase in granulocytes, increase in neutrophils may occur in response to infection

94
Q

mononucleosis

A

infectious disease with increase numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical nodes, more commonly known as mono

95
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant tumor of bone marrow, drugs are used to relieve

96
Q

antiglobulin (coombs) test

A

test for presence of antibodies that damage red blood cells

97
Q

complete blood count

A

number of blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell values

98
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

99
Q

hematocrit

A

percent of red blood cells in volume of blood

100
Q

hemoglobin test

A

total amount of hemoglobin in sample

101
Q

platlet count

A

number of platelets

102
Q

prothrombin time

A

test ability of blood to clot, check for bleeding problems

103
Q

red blood cell count

A

number of red blood cells

104
Q

red blood cell morphology

A

determine shape of red blood cells

105
Q

white blood cell count

A

number of leukocytes

106
Q

white blood cell count differential

A

percent of different leukocytes in blood, shift to left = increase in immature neutrophils in blood

107
Q

apheresis

A

seperation of blood into component parts

108
Q

blood transfusion

A

whole blood cells are taken from donor and infused into patient

109
Q

bone marrow biopsy

A

examination of bone marrow

110
Q

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A

stem cells from donor are given to patient, can be autologous

MMSC 200 (15 decks)

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