chapter 13

Question 1

submerged volcanoes and hills

Answer 1

seamounts

Question 2

vast bodies of salt water that separate the continents

Answer 2

ocean

Question 3

the process in which water pools in large bodies

Answer 3

accumulation

Question 4

ocean’s saltiness

Answer 4

salinity

Question 5

process in which water falls from the sky

Answer 5

precipitation

Question 6

smallest and shallowest, covered in sea ice

Answer 6

Arctic Ocean

Question 7

marine scientists and engineers who work to better understand and use the oceans

Answer 7

oceanographers

Question 8

place on higher land where rivers begin

Answer 8

source

Question 9

end of river, where it meets the sea

Answer 9

mouth

Question 10

largest and deepest, covers 1/3 of Earth’s surface

Answer 10

Pacific Ocean

Question 11

flat, deep sea floor

Answer 11

abyssal plain

Question 12

surrounds Antartica, cold and stormy

Answer 12

Southern Ocean

Question 13

give two examples of pelagic organisms

Answer 13

phytoplanktons and jellyfishes

Question 14

low salinity sea water

Answer 14

brackish

Question 15

an area drained by a river and its tributaries

Answer 15

drainage basin

Question 16

list five physical properties that could change the chemical make up of seawater

Answer 16

• temperature
• melting/freezing point
• pressure
• density
• speed of sound

Question 17

important marine geologic features that form from the activities of animals

Answer 17

coral reef

Question 18

a smaller river that joins a larger

Answer 18

tributary

Question 19

list the five ocean basins

Answer 19

• pacific
• atlantic
• arctic
• Indian
• Southern

Question 20

dark and cold

Answer 20

abyssal zone

Question 21

water suitable for drinking

Answer 21

potable

Question 22

a long, narrow topographical depression of ocean floor

Answer 22

oceanic trench

Question 23

an island of volcanic origin

Answer 23

volcanic island

Question 24

an ever-changing place that extends underwater beyond the shore

Answer 24

beach

Question 25

list four kinds of precipitation

Answer 25

- rain - snow - sleet - hail

Question 26

mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, warm waters

Answer 26

Indian Ocean

Question 27

a process in which liquid becomes a gas

Answer 27

evaporation

Question 28

holds the majority of the earth's water

Answer 28

massive underwater bowl

Question 29

portion of the continent that is submerged under area of relatively shallow water

Answer 29

continental shelf

Question 30

2nd largest, known for its s-shape

Answer 30

Atlantic Ocean

Question 31

give two examples of benthic organisms

Answer 31

kelp and corals

Question 32

a strip of land that separates the coastal region from the ocean

Answer 32

shore

Question 33

long, carved strings of volcanic islands

Answer 33

island arcs

Question 34

list the chemicals that make up seawater

Answer 34

- sodium ions - sulfate ions - magnesium - chloride ions - minerals

Question 35

point at which two rivers join

Answer 35

confluence

Question 36

bottom-dwelling animals and plants

Answer 36

benthic organisms

Question 37

elongated steep-sided elevation of sea floor

Answer 37

submarine ridge

Question 38

wide, gentle incline from deep ocean plain to continental slope

Answer 38

continental rise

Question 39

no light

Answer 39

aphotic zone

Question 40

plants and animals that doesn't live at the bottom of the oceans

Answer 40

pelagic organisms

Question 41

marine animal's ability to tell the location of echoes

Answer 41

echolocation

Question 42

why is the intertidal zone a hard place to live?

Answer 42

The waves pounds on animals here

Question 43

lighted area

Answer 43

photic zone

Question 44

process in which water within plants evaporate into the atmosphere

Answer 44

transpiration

Question 45

what does the nitrogen cycle ensure?

Answer 45

that there is a continuous supply of nitrogen