Chapter 13

Question 1

bacterial vaginosis

Answer 1

caused by common vaginal infections; a change in the levels of the normal microbiota of the vagina

Question 2

gonorrhea is caused by:

Answer 2

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 3

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 3

causes gonorrhea
gram-negative diplococcus (gonococcus)
virulence factor: pili; adhere to mucosal epithelium

Question 4

gonorrhea

Answer 4

“the clap”

can cause gonococcal urethritis, can also affect reproductive organs, pharynx, rectum ,eyes

Question 5

gonococcal ophthalmia

Answer 5

can be contracted by infants while passing through the birth canal; causes blindness

Question 6

gonorrhea in females (4)

Answer 6

can cause:
PID (pelvic inflammatory disease)
sterility 
salpingitis
ectopic pregnancy

Question 7

PID

Answer 7

pelvic inflammatory disease - inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

Question 8

salpingitis

Answer 8

inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Question 9

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 9

“out of place” pregnancy - fertilized egg attaches somewhere else other than the uterus

Question 10

gonorrhea in males

Answer 10

pus-y, viscous penile discharge

Question 11

gonorrhea treatment

Answer 11

ceftriaxone

Question 12

chlamydial urethritis is caused by:

Answer 12

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 13

Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 13

causes chlamydial urethritis
gram-negative rod
obligate intracellular parasite

Question 14

chlamydial urethritis

Answer 14

most common STD
NGU - non-gonococcal urethritis
the silent disease

Question 15

chlamydial urethritis in females

Answer 15

salpingitis
PID
infertility, ectopic pregnancies

Question 16

chlamydial urethritis in males

Answer 16

watery penile discharge

painful urination

Question 17

chlamydial urethritis treatment

Answer 17

doxycycline

Question 18

syphilis is caused by:

Answer 18

Trepnoma palladum

Question 19

Trepnoma palladum

Answer 19

causes syphilis

sprirochete

Question 20

3 stages of syphilis

Answer 20

1: primary syphilis - hard, painless chancres
2: secondary syphilis - the great imitator, fever, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes
3. tertiary syphilis - chronic latent stage, reoccurrence years later; gummas

Question 21

gummas

Answer 21

tumor-like masses that occur in tertiary syphilis

can damage blood vessels, spinal cord, and brain

Question 22

congenital syphilis

Answer 22

occurs in the fetus of a pregnant women after the 4th month of pregnancy
can cause still birth and the Hutchinson’s triad

Question 23

Hutchinson’s triad

Answer 23

deafness, vision impairment, unusual teeth

Question 24

chancroid

Answer 24

soft, painful chancres

lesions at entry site fills with pus and breaks - susceptible to other STDs

Question 25

chancroid is caused by:

Answer 25

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 26

Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 26

causes chancroid | gram-negative rod

Question 27

chancroid treatment

Answer 27

ceftriaxone, erythromycin, azithromycin

Question 28

syphilis treatment

Answer 28

penicillin in the early stages

Question 29

UTIs

Answer 29

occurs when indigenous microbiota of the urethra infects the kidneys, bladder, or ureters (which are sterile)

Question 30

UTIs are caused by:

Answer 30

primarily by E. coli

Question 31

cystitis

Answer 31

UTIs of the urethra and bladder

Question 32

pyelonephritis

Answer 32

UTIs of the ascending route to kidney

Question 33

acne is caused by:

Answer 33

Propionibacterium acnes

Question 34

acne

Answer 34

hair follicles become swollen with sebum and keratinocytes

Question 35

Toxin-generated Staphylococcus aureus diseases (2)

Answer 35

Scalded skin syndrome | Toxic shock syndrome

Question 36

scalded skin syndrome

Answer 36

caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxin, exfoliatin | peeling of epidermis, blisters

Question 37

toxic shock syndrome

Answer 37

outbreak caused by ultra absorbent tampons | causes high fever, sunburn-like rash, peeling skin

Question 38

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 38

create abscesses and produce extoxins