Chapter 13 - Blood System Flashcards by Kassandra Hooven

Albumin

Protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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Antibody (Ab)

Specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

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Antigen

Substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody

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Basophil

White blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

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Bilirubin

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin

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Coagulation

Blood clotting

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Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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Differentiation

Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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Electrophoresis

Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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Eosinophil

White blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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Erythroblast

Immature red blood cell

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Erythrocyte

Red blood cell

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Erythropoeitin (EPO)

Hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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Fibrin

Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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Fibrinogen

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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Globulin

Plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma globulins are examples

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Granulocyte

White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; eosinphil, neutrophil, basophil

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Hematopoietic stem cell

Cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

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Hemoglobin

Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

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Hemolysis

Destruction or breakdown of blood

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Heparin

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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Immune reaction

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

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Immunoglobulin

Protein with antibody activity

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Leukocyte

White blood cell

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Lymphocyte

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces anitbodies

Macrophage

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; engulfs foreign material and debris, destroys worn out red blood cells

Megakaryocyte

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Monocyte

Leukocyte with one large nucleus, engulfs foreign material and debris, they become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues

Mononuclear

Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus

Myeloblast

Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Neutrophil

Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell

Plasma

Liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins

Plasmapheresis

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. Collected cells are retransfused back into the donor.

Platelet

Small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Polymorphonuclear

Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed; neutrophil

Prothrombin

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Reticulocyte

Immature erythrocyte. A network of strands is seen after staining the cell with special dyes.

Rh factor

Anitgen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individuals.

Serum

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot.

Stem cell

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

Thrombin

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Thrombocyte

Platelet

bas/o

base

chrom/o

color

coagul/o

clotting

cyt/o

cell

eosin/o

red, dawn, rosy

erythr/o

red

granul/o

granules

hem/o | hemat/o

blood

hemoglobin/o

hemoglobin

is/o

same, equal

kary/o | nucle/o

nucleus

leuk/o

white

mon/o

one, single

morph/o

shape, form

myel/o

bone marrow

neutr/o

neutral

phag/o

eat, swallow

poikil/o

varied, irregular

sider/o

iron

spher/o

globe, round

thromb/o

clot

-apheresis

removal, a carrying away

-blast

immature cell, embryonic

-cytosis

abnormal condition of cells

-emia

blood condition

-gen

giving rise to; producing

- globin | - globulin

protein

-lytic

pertaining to destruction

-oid

derived or originating from

-osis

abnormal condition

-penia

deficiency

-phage

eat, swallow

-philia

attraction for (an increase in cell numbers)

-phoresis

carrying, transmission

-poiesis

formation

-stasis

stop, control

Ecchy/o

Large blue patches

- in | - one

Substance

Chapter 13 - Blood System Flashcards

(80 cards)