Chapter 13: Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
- Alogia
a. A term referring to poverty of speech; a symptom that often occurs in schizophrenia.
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)
a. Medications that alleviate or diminish the intensity of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions
- Attenuated Psychosis-Syndrome
a. Characterized by psychotic-like symptoms that are less severe and more transient and that lie below the threshold for a full psychotic disorder
- Avolition
a. Refers to a psychological state that is characterized by a general lack of drive or motivation to pursue meaningful goals.
- Brief Psychotic Disorder
a. Brief episodes (lasting a month or less) of otherwise uncomplicated delusional thinking.
- Candidate Genes
a. Genes that are of specific interest to researchers because they are thought to be involved in processes that are known to be aberrant in that disorder (e.g., serotonin transporter genes in depression, or dopamine receptor genes in schizophrenia).
- Catatonic Schizophrenia
a. rare subtype of schizophrenia characterized by a severe disturbance in motor behavior and responsiveness.
- Cognitive Remediation
a. Training efforts designed to help patients improve their neurocognitive (e.g., memory, vigilance) skills. The hope is that this will also help improve patients’ overall levels of functioning.
- Delusion
a. False belief about reality maintained in spite of strong evidence to the contrary
- Delusional Disorder
a. Nurturing, giving voice to, and sometimes taking action on beliefs that are considered completely false by others; formerly called paranoia.
- Disorganized-Schizophrenia
a. a subtype of schizophrenia characterized by disorganized thinking, speech, and behavior, along with inappropriate emotional responses.
- Disorganized Symptoms
a. a cluster of signs related to disorganized thinking, speech, and behavior
- Dopamine
a. Neurotransmitter from the catecholamine family that is initially synthesized from tyrosine, an amino acid common in the diet. Dopamine is produced from L-DOPA by the enzyme dopamine decarboxylase
- Endophenotypes
a. Discrete, measurable traits that are thought to be linked to specific genes that might be important in schizophrenia or other mental disorders.
- Expressed Emotion
a. Type of negative communication involving excessive criticism and emotional overinvolvement directed at a patient by family members.
- Flat Affect
a. The lack of emotional expression
- Glutamate
a. An excitatory neurotransmitter that is widespread throughout the brain
- Hallucination
a. False perceptions such as things seen or heard that are not real or present.
- Negative Symptoms
a. Symptoms that reflect an absence or deficit in normal functions (e.g., blunted affect, social withdrawal).
- Paranoid Schizophrenia
a. Paranoid schizophrenia is distinguished from other subtypes of schizophrenia by the prominent presence of these paranoid delusions and hallucinations, with minimal or no other symptoms such as disorganized behavior or catatonia
- Positive Symptoms
a. Symptoms that are characterized by something being added to normal behavior or experience. Includes delusions, hallucinations, motor agitation, and marked emotional turmoil.
- Prodromal
a. Considered to be an early (subclinical) stage of schizophrenia, characterized by very low-level symptoms or behavioral idiosyncrasies.
- Psychosis
a. Severe impairment in the ability to tell what is real and what is not real.
- Schizoaffective Disorder
a. Form of psychotic disorder in which the symptoms of schizophrenia co-occur with symptoms of a mood disorder.
