Chapter 13 Social Psychbology

Question 1

What does it mean to be prejudice?

Answer 1

An unjustifiable attitude towards a group of people

Question 2

What does it mean to be overt?

Answer 2

Prejudice - no doubter

Question 3

What does it mean to be subtle

Answer 3

Not as blatant

Question 4

What is a stereotype?

Answer 4

Generalized belief

Question 5

What are social inequalities?

Answer 5

A principle reason behind prejudice

Question 6

What does it mean to be ingroup?

Answer 6

Part of “us”

Question 7

What does it mean to be “out group”?

Answer 7

It’s “them”

Question 8

What is the scapegoat theory?

Answer 8

The theory that prejudice provides an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Question 9

What is the just-world phenomenon?

Answer 9

Blame the victim

Relieves anxiety

Question 10

What is the attribution theory?

Answer 10

The idea that we give a causal explanation for someone’s behavior

Question 11

What is external attribution?

Answer 11

We credit behavior to the situation

Question 12

What is internal attribution?

Answer 12

Credit behavior through the persons disposition

Question 13

Is situational attribution theory internal or external?

Answer 13

External

Question 14

Is dispositional attribution theory internal or external?

Answer 14

Internal

Question 15

What is the fundamental attribution error?

Answer 15

The tendency to underestimate the impact of a situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Question 16

What is self-serving bias?

Answer 16

Tendency to attribute ones successes to personal factors and ones failures to situational factors

Question 17

What is the active-observer bias

Answer 17

Attributes others behaviors to dis potion but your own behavior (even same behaviors) to situational factors

Question 18

What is the mere exposure effect?

Answer 18

The more exposed to something the more you will like it

Question 19

What is cognitive dissonance?

Answer 19

The discomfort caused by holding two contradictory beliefs or performing an action contradictory to our beliefs

Question 20

Who is associated with cognitive dissonance?

Answer 20

Leon Festinger with the boring task

Question 21

What is the peripheral route of persuasion?

Answer 21

Popularity route

Question 22

What is the central route of persuasion?

Answer 22

The issues

Question 23

What is the foot-in-the-door phenomenon?

Answer 23

Agree to small request and gradual build up requests

Question 24

What is the door-in-the-face phenomenon?

Answer 24

Large request at first and followed by smaller ones

Question 25

What are the five factors of attraction?

Answer 25

``` Proximity Reciprocal liking Similarity Liking through association Physical attractiveness ```

Question 26

What is conformity?

Answer 26

Adjusting your behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard

Question 27

Who is associated with conformity and why?

Answer 27

Ashe Zimbardo prison act

Question 28

What is normative social influence?

Answer 28

Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disappointment

Question 29

What is informative social influence?

Answer 29

Influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality

Question 30

What was Milgram's experiment?

Answer 30

Obedience Electric shock 66% went to 450 volts

Question 31

What is defensive attribution?

Answer 31

Tendency to blame victims for their misfortune

Question 32

What is attitude?

Answer 32

A belief and feeling that predisposes a person to respond in a particular way to objects, other people, and events.

Question 33

What is social loafing?

Answer 33

A reduction in effort by individuals when they work in groups as compared to when they work by themselves

Question 34

What is group polarization?

Answer 34

Occurs when group discussion strengthens a groups dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction

Question 35

What is groupthink?

Answer 35

Occurs when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision

Question 36

What is the bystander effect?

Answer 36

People are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone

Question 37

What is obedience?

Answer 37

A form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands

Question 38

What is reciprocity?

Answer 38

The rule that we should pay back in kind what we receive from others

Question 39

What is person perception?

Answer 39

The process of forming impressions of others

Question 40

What is social schema?

Answer 40

describes an organized pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them.

Question 41

Why do humans make attributions?

Answer 41

To lessen anxiety and make send of the social world

Question 42

What is social psychology?

Answer 42

It considers how individuals interact with each other and society at large