Chapter 3 Flashcards by Dominique Slezak

What is a MRI Scan?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Computerized enhancement to map out brains structure

Magnetic fields, and radio waves

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What is a EEG Scan?

Electroencephalogram

Observes changes over seconds

Electrical signals from brain

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What is a CT Scan?

Computerized Technology

Enhanced x-ray of brain structure, by putting multiple x-rays together

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What lesioning?

Destroying a piece of the brain to see what it’s function was

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What is the function of Wernicke’s Area?

Understand spoken language

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What is the function of Broca’s Area?

Speech

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What is the function of occipital lobe?

Vision

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What is the function of the temporal lobe?

Hearing

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What is the function of the olfactory?

Smell

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What is the function of the parietal lobe?

Touch

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What is the function of frontal lobe?

Taste

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What lobes are responsible for short-term memories?

Parietal, upper temporal, and occipital lobes

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What is the function of the limbic system?

“me eat, me sex”

Regulation of emotions, memory and motivation

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What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Controls and regulates:

Body temp, sexual arrousal, hunger, thirst and endocrine system

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What is the function of the lateral hypothalamus?

(Brings on hunger)

Stimulate: eat

Destroy: no interest in food

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What is the function of the ventromedial hypothalamus?

(Depresses Hunger)

Stimulate: stop eating

Destroy: continuously wants to eat

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What does satiated mean?

You’re full

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What is the function of the hippocampus?

You would remember if you saw a “hippo” on “campus”

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What is the function of the amygdala?

How you process memory

Involved with fear and aggression

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What is the function of the thalamus?

Involved with consciousness, sleep, and Suntory interpretation – not smell (olfactory)

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What is the function of the medulla?

Controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing

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What is the function of the pons?

Involved with facial expressions

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What is the function of reticular formation (midbrain)?

Arousal, attention, cardiac reflexes, motor functions, regulates awareness, and sleep

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What does Gustation mean?

Taste

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What are fissures?

The wrinkles of the brain

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Controls coordination

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

Connects the two hemispheres of the brain

What does the central nervous system consist of?

Brain and spinal cord It controls behavior

What is the somatic nervous system made up of?

Nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal muscles and sensory receptors

What is the function of afferent nerve fibers?

Carries information inward to the central nervous system from the periphery of the body

What is the function of efferent nerve fibers?

Carries information outward to periphery of body

What is the autonomic nervous system made up of?

Nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles and glands Controls involuntary functions

What is the function of the sympathetic division?

Mobilizes body's resources for emergencies Fight or flight response

What is the function of the parasympathetic division?

Conserves bodily resources Activates the body to save and store energy

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Consists of glands that secrete chemicals into the blood stream to regulate bodily functions

What is the master gland of the endocrine system?

Pituitary gland

What is the function of hormones?

Slower reaction time but it is a chemical substance released by endocrine glands

What does the left hemisphere of the brain mostly deal with?

Language, speech, reading and writing

What does the right hemisphere of the brain mostly deal with?

Nonverbal processing and musical tasks

What is an agonist?

A chemical that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter

What is an anti-agonist?

A chemical that opposes the action of a neurotransmitter Curare darts-stops neural firing

What is the GABA?

Always inhibitory Regulation of anxiety, and sleep

What is a glutamate?

Always has excitatory effects Learning and memory

What are endorphins?

Internally produced chemicals that resemble opiates, in structure and effect

What are reuptake inhibitors?

They block reuptake

What is a PET Scan?

Positron Emission Tomography Examines brain function and activity Measures chemicals

What the function of glia?

Supports the neurons "Glue"

What the function of dendrites?

Receives information

What the function of the soma (cell body)?

Contains a nucleus and much of the chemical machinery common most cells

What the function of myelin sheath?

Protects the axon If damaged it causes multiple scoliosis

What the function of the terminal buttons?

Small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters

What the function of synapse?

Where information is transmitted from one terminal button to a dendrite

What is action potential?

The brief shipped in a neurons electrical charge that travels on the axon

What is the resting potential of a neuron?

inactive- stable and negative charge

What is the absolute refractory period?

Minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin

What is the relation to behavior of dopamine and what disorder comes with it?

Control of voluntary movement and alertness Parkinson's(low) and schizophrenia(high)

What is the relation to behavior of norepinephrine and the disorders that may come with it?

It is the modulation of food and arousal Depressive disorders

How does serotonin relate to behavior and what disorders come with it?

It's the regulation of sleep, wakefulness and aggression OCD, eating disorders, depression

How does acetylcholine related to behavior and what disorders come with it?

It relates with attention, arousal, memory, and motor movement Alzheimer's(lack)&&paralysis(high)

How does GABA relate to the behavior and what disorders come with it?

Regulation of anxiety sleep and arousal Anxiety disorders