CHAPTER 14

Question 1

is the idea that genetic material from the two parents blends together

Answer 1

Blending Hypothesis

Question 2

A heritable feature that varies among individuals (such as flower color) is called a?

Answer 2

Character

Question 3

Each variant for a character, such as purple or white color for flowers is called a?

Answer 3

Trait

Question 4

plants that produce offspring of the same variety when they self-pollinate

Answer 4

True-Breeding

Question 5

Mendel mated two contrasting, true-breeding varieties, what is this process called?

Answer 5

Hybridization

Question 6

The true-breeding parents are called the?

Answer 6

P generation

Question 7

The hybrid offspring of the P generation are called the

Answer 7

F1 generation

Question 8

When F1 individuals self-pollinate or cross-pollinate with other F1 hybrids, what is produced?

Answer 8

F2 Generation

Question 9

What are the alternative versions of a gene are called

Answer 9

Allele

Question 10

determines the organism’s appearance

Answer 10

Dominant Allele

Question 11

has no noticeable effect on appearance

Answer 11

Recessive Allele

Question 12

The two alleles for a heritable character separate (segregate) during gamete formation and end up in different gametes

Answer 12

Law of segregation

Question 13

An organism with two identical alleles for a character is called a?

Answer 13

Homozygote

Question 14

An organism with two different alleles for a gene is a?

Answer 14

Heterozygote

Question 15

another classification of physical appearance?

Answer 15

Phenotype

Question 16

Another classification of Genetic makeup

Answer 16

Genotype

Question 17

breeding the mystery individual with a homozygous recessive individual, what is this called?

Answer 17

Testcross

Question 18

an organism that is a hybrid for a single trait, or a cross between two organisms that differ in one genetic trait

Answer 18

Monohybird

Question 19

Crossing two true-breeding parents differing in two characters produces what?

Answer 19

Dihybrids

Question 20

a cross between F1 dihybrids, can determine whether two characters are transmitted to offspring as a package or independently

Answer 20

Dihybrid Cross

Question 21

When alleles are not completely dominant or recessive

Answer 21

Degree of dominance

Question 22

When a gene has more than two alleles

Answer 22

Multiple Genes

Question 23

When a gene produces multiple phenotypes

Answer 23

Pleiotrophy

Question 24

occurs when phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical

Answer 24

Complete Dominance

Question 25

the phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties

Answer 25

Incomplete Dominance

Question 26

Two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways

Answer 26

Condominance

Question 27

is fatal; a dysfunctional enzyme causes an accumulation of lipids in the brain

Answer 27

Try-sachs disease

Question 28

expression of a gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus

Answer 28

Epistasis

Question 29

are those that vary in the population along a continuum

Answer 29

Quantitative Characters

Question 30

an additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotype

Answer 30

Polygenic Inheritance

Question 31

is a form of dwarfism caused by a rare dominant allele

Answer 31

Achondroplasia

Question 32

The disease has no obvious phenotypic effects until the individual is about 35 to 40 years of ages a degenerative disease of the nervous system

Answer 32

Huntingtons Disease

Question 33

Developed the Blending Hypothesis

Answer 33

Gregor Mendel

Question 34

Traits that depend on multiple genes combined with environmental influences are called

Answer 34

Multifactorial

Question 35

is a family tree that describes the interrelationships of parents and children across generations

Answer 35

Pedigree

Question 36

Heterozygotes may transmit the recessive allele to their offspring and thus are called?

Answer 36

Carriers