CHAPTER 19

Question 1

Is an infectious particles consisting of little more than genes packaged in the protein coat

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

Where is the virus packaged?

Answer 2

Protein Coat

Question 3

A german scientist that was studying tobacco mosaic disease

He suggested that the disease was caused by “unusual small bacteria that were invisible under the microscope”

Answer 3

Adolf Mayer

Question 4

Virus genomes may consist double of double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA, double-stranded RNA, Single-stranded RNA. They are either called?

Answer 4

RNA or DNA Virus

Question 5

The protein shell enclosed the viral genome is called?

Answer 5

Capsid

Question 6

Some viruses have accessory structure that helps infects host called the?

Answer 6

Viral Envelops

Question 7

Virus lack metabolic enzymes and equipment for making proteins. There they are?

Answer 7

Obligate Parasites

Question 8

Each particular Virus can infect cells of only a limited number of host species called the?

Answer 8

Host Cells

Question 9

The virus identifies host species by a method called?

Answer 9

Handshakes

Question 10

T-even phages use what to bind and infect to a host cell?

Answer 10

Elaborate tail apparatus

Question 11

Other virus are taken up by the?

Answer 11

Endocytosis

Question 12

Viral Nucleic acid and _______ spontaneously self-assemble into new viruses

Answer 12

Capsomeres

Question 13

Are best understood of all Viruses

Answer 13

Phages

Question 14

What are the 2 reproductive mechanisms of Phages

Answer 14

Lytic Cycle and Lysogenic Cycle

Question 15

Is the phage replicative that culminates in the death of the host cell

Answer 15

Lytic Cycle

Question 16

A phage that reproduces only in the lytic cycle is called the?

Answer 16

Virulent Phage

Question 17

Bacteria have defense mechanisms against phages, it recognizes and cuts up certain phage DNA. What is this?

Answer 17

Restrictive Enzymes

Question 18

Replicates the phage genome without destroying the Host

Answer 18

Lysogenic Cycle

Question 19

The integrated viral DNA is known as the?

Answer 19

Prophage

Question 20

Phages that use both the Lytic and Lysogenic cycle is called the?

Answer 20

Temperate Phages

Question 21

Many viruses that infect animals have a?

Answer 21

Membranous Envelope

Question 22

Other viral membranes form the host’s nuclear envelope and are then replaced by an envelope made from?

Answer 22

Golgi Apparatus Membrane

Question 23

Uses reverse transcriptase to copy their RNA genome into DNA

Answer 23

Retroviruses

Question 24

Retroviruses uses what to copy their RNA genome into DNA

Answer 24

Reverse transcriptase

Question 25

Is a retrovirus that causes AIDS

Answer 25

HIV

Question 26

Viruses may damage or kill cells by causing the release of hydrolytic enzymes from?

Answer 26

Lysosomes

Question 27

Are harmless derivative of pathogenic microbes that stimulate the immune system to mount defenses against the harmful pathogen

Answer 27

Vaccines

Question 28

Are viruses that suddenly become apparent

Answer 28

Emerging Virus

Question 29

Have high rate of mutation because the viral RNA polymerases do not proofread and correct errors in replicating their RNA genomes.

Answer 29

RNA Viruses

Question 30

Plant viruses spread disease in two major modes, what are they?

Answer 30

Vertical and Horizontal Transmissions

Question 31

Is a mode of Spreading in plant viruses that is entering through damaged cell walls

Answer 31

Horizontal Transmission

Question 32

Is a mode of Spreading in plant viruses that is inheriting the virus from the parent

Answer 32

Vertical Transmission

Question 33

Are small circular RNA molecules that infect plants and disrupt their growth.

Answer 33

Viroid's

Question 34

Are slow-acting, virtually indestructible infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in mammals.

Answer 34

Prions