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MRI Med Term > chapter 15 > Flashcards

chapter 15 Flashcards

muscular (74 cards)

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1
Q

3 types of muscle

A

skeletal, smooth (visceral) & cardiac

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2
Q

atrophy

A

the wasting away or diminished volume of tissue, an organ, or a body part

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3
Q

contract

A

draw together or shorten

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4
Q

fascia

A

sheet of fibrous connective tissue

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5
Q

fascicle

A

bundle of muscle fibers

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6
Q

fiber

A

a strand of filament

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7
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

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8
Q

insert

A

the attachment of a muscle to more movable part of the skeleton, as distinct from the origin

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9
Q

origin

A

fixed source of a muscle at its attachment to bone

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10
Q

peristalsis

A

waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the alimentary canal wall to move food along the digestive tract

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11
Q

striated muscle

A

another term for skeletal muscle

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12
Q

striation

A

stripes

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13
Q

tone

A

tension present in resting muscles

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14
Q

voluntary muscles

A

another term for skeletal muscles, under control of the will

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15
Q

voluntary muscles

A

use at will, skeletal muscles

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16
Q

involuntary muscles

A

smooth & cardiac

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17
Q

shoulder girtle

A

connects axial skeleton to upper limbs & helps them move

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18
Q

infraspinatus

A

pertaining to/ beneath the spine (of the scapula)

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19
Q

rotator cuff

A

part of the capsule of the shoulder joint

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20
Q

subscapularis

A

pertaining to below the scapula

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21
Q

supraspinatus

A

pertaining to above the spine (of the scapula)

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22
Q

teres major

A

one of the muscles that make up the rotator cuff

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23
Q

biceps brachii

A

the muscle of the arm that has two heads or points of origin on the scapula

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24
Q

brachialis

A

muscle that lies underneath the biceps and is the strongest flexor of the forearm

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25
brachioradialis
muscle that helps flex the forearm
26
deltoid
large, fan shaped muscle connecting the scapula and clavicle to the humerus (shoulder muscle)
27
dorsum
the back of any part of the body, including the back of the hand
28
latissimus dorsi
the widest (broadest) muscle in the back
29
retinaculum
fibrous ligament that keeps the tendons in place on the wrist so that they do not "bowstring" when the forearm muscles contract
30
thenar eminence
fleshy mass at the base of the thumb
31
hypothenar eminence
fleshy mass at the base of the little finger
32
triceps brachii
muscle of the arm that has 3 heads or points of origin`
33
adductor
muscle that moves the thigh toward the midline
34
adduction
action of moving toward the midline
35
calcaneus
heel bone
36
calcaneal tendon
Achilles tendon; tendon of the heel formed from gastrocnemius and soleus muscle and inserted into the calcaneus
37
gastrocnemius
major muscle in back of the lower leg; calf
38
gluteus
refers to one of 3 muscles in the buttocks
39
gluteus maximus
largest muscle in the body, covering a large part of each buttock
40
gluteus medius
partly covered by maximus
41
gluteus minimus
smallest, under medius
42
popliteal fossa
hollow at the back of the knee
43
quadriceps femoris
anterior thigh muscle with 4 heads (origins)
44
cyst
abnormal, fluid- containing sac
45
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
a condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic, shoulder & proximal limb muscles
46
fibromyalgia
pain in the muscle fibers
47
ganglion
fluid- containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon
48
neurotransmitter
chemical agent that relays messages from one nerve cell to the next
49
rhabdomyolsis
destruction of muscle to produce myoglobin
50
stenosis
narrowing of a passage
51
strain
overstretch or tear in a muscle or tendon
52
sprain
a stretching or tearing of ligaments
53
tenosynovitis
inflammation of a tendon and its surrounding synovial sheath
54
antibody
protein produced in response to an antigen
55
biopsy
removal of a tissue from a living person for a laboratory examination
56
creatine kinase
enzyme elevated in the plasma following heart muscle damage
57
electrode
a device for conducting electricity
58
electromyography
recording of electrical activity in the muscle
59
enzyme
protein that induces change in other substances
60
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
the speed at which red blood cells sink from drawn blood
61
inflammation
a basic complex of reactions in blood vessels and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation
62
ultrasonography
delineation of deep structures using sound waves
63
anabolic steroid
prescription drug used by some athletes to increase muscle mass
64
analgesia
state in which pain is reduced
65
analgesic
agent that produces analgesia
66
antipyretic
agent that reduces fever
67
cytokine
a hormone like protein that regulates the intensity of an immune response
68
metabolism
the constantly changing physical and chemical processes in the cell
69
metabolite
any product of metabolism
70
ultrasound
very high frequency sound waves
71
occupational therapy
use of work and recreational activities to increase independent function
72
orthotic
orthopedic appliance to correct an abnormality
73
physiatry
physical medicine
74

MRI Med Term (5 decks)

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