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MRI Med Term > chapter 3 > Flashcards

chapter 3 Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

zygote

A

single fertilized cell

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2
Q

oocyte

A

egg

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3
Q

cytology

A

study of cell structure and function

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4
Q

cytosol

A

intracellular fluid

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5
Q

nucleus

A

largest organelle

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6
Q

chromatin

A

thin strands made up of DNA and proteins

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7
Q

chromosomes

A

chromatin’s condensed form when cells divide

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8
Q

ribosomes

A

organelles involved in the manufacture of protein from simple materials

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9
Q

anabolism

A

creation of ribosomes

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10
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

organelle that manufactures steroids, cholesterol and other lipids and proteins

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11
Q

lysosomes

A

organelles that are the garbage disposal units of the cell (digest and dispose worn-out organelles)

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12
Q

mitochondria

A

IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL

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13
Q

catabolism

A

mitochondria extracting energy via breaking down compounds (glucose & fat)

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14
Q

Connective tissue

A

bind, support, protect, fill spaces & store fat
(widely distributed in blood, bone, cartilage & fat)

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15
Q

epithelial tissue

A

protect, secrete, absorb, excrete
(cover body surface & line internal organs, and compose glands)

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16
Q

muscle tissue

A

movement

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17
Q

nervous tissue

A

transmit impulses for coordination, sensory reception & motor actions

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18
Q

bone

A

hardest connective tissue due to calcium

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19
Q

osteoblasts

A

deposit bone matrix in concentric patterns around a central canal containing a blood vessel

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20
Q

osteocytes

A

former osteoblasts that maintain bone matrix

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21
Q

osteoclasts

A

dissolve bone matrix to release calcium and phosphate into the blood when they’re needed elsewhere

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22
Q

cartilage

A

shock absorber between bones

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23
Q

ligaments

A

strips or bands of connective tissue

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24
Q

tendons

A

thick strong ligaments that attach muscle to bone

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25
joint capsule
encloses joint cavity, made of thin collagenous fibrous tissue
26
synovial membrane
secretes synovial fluid & lines joint capsules
27
muscle tissue
stabilizes knee joint
28
integumentary system
skin, nails, hair, sweat glands & sebaceous glands
29
skeletal system
bones, ligaments, cartilages & tendons
30
muscular system
muscles
31
nervous system
brain, spinal cord, nerves & sense organsen
32
endocrine system
glands that secrete hormones: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal & thymus
33
cardiovascular
heart & blood vessels
34
lymphatic system
lymph vessels and nodes, thymus & spleen
35
digestive system
mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small & large intestines
36
respiratory system
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi & lungs
37
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder & urethra
38
reproductive systems
male: scrotum, testes, epididymites, vas deferens, seminal vesicles,prostate, bulbour
39
nucleotide
base, sugar & phosphate
40
4 chemical DNA bases
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine & Thymine
41
epigenetics
study of disorders produced by the effects of chemical compounds or environmental influences
42
gene
functional unit of heredity on a chromosome
43
phenotype
manifestation of a genome
44
genome
complete set of chromosomes
45
Personalized medicine
designed to meet someone's individual needs
46
cytogenetics
study of chromosomal abnormalities in a cell
47
dysmorphology
study of developmental structural defects
48
dysmorphic
possessing a developmental structural defect
49
embryo
developing organism from conception until the end of the 8th week
50
fetus
human organism from end of 8th week to birth
51
predictive
likelihood of a disease or disorder being present or occurring in the future
52
prenatal
before birth
53
therapy
systematic treatment of a disease, dysfunction or disorder
54
theraputic
curing or capable of curing a disorder or a disease
55
anatomy
structure of the human body
56
anatomic
pertaining to anatomy
57
anterior
front surface of the body; situated in front
58
caudal
pertaining to or nearer to the tail
59
cephalic
pertaining to or nearer to the head
60
coronal
pertaining to the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior positions
61
distal
situated away from the center of the body
62
dorsal
pertaining to the back; situated behind
63
frontal
in front; anterior of the body
64
inferior
situated below
65
posterior
pertaining to the back; situated behind
66
prone
lying face down/ flat on your abdomen
67
proximal
situated nearest center of the body
68
saggital
pertaining to the vertical plane through the body; right & left portions
69
superior
situated above
70
supine
lying face up; flat on your spine
71
transverse
horizontal plane; upper & lower portions
72
ventral
abdomen; situated nearer the surface of the abdomen
73
cranial cavity
brain
74
thoracic cavity
heart, lungs, thymus gland, trachea& esophagus
75
abdominal cavity
separated from thoracic cavity by diaphragm/ stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas & kidneys
76
pelvic cavity
surrounded by pelvic bones & contains urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, rectum, anus & internal reproductive organs
77
spinal cavity
spinal cord
78
abdomen
part of the trunk between thorax and pelvis
79
abdominal
pertaining to the abdomen
80
cavity
hollow space or body compartment
81
cranial
pertaining to the skull
82
diaphragm
musculomembranous partition separation the abdominal and thoracic cavities
83
epigastric
region above the stomach
84
epigastrium
upper central region of abdomen located between costal margins & subcostal plane
85
hypochondriac
below cartilage below the ribs
86
hypogastric
abdominal region below stomach
87
inguinal
pertaining to the groin
88
lumbar
region in back & sides between ribs & pelvis
89
pelvic
pertaining to pubic bone
90
umbilical
around the umbilicus or center of the abdomen
91
umbilicus
pit in the abdomen where the umbilical cord entered the fetus
92

MRI Med Term (5 decks)

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