Chapter 15 Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
Bones…
A
… provide the framework on which the body s constructed and protected and supported internal organs.
2
Q
Joints..
A
… are the places at which bones comes together. Several different types of joints are found within the body.
3
Q
Muscles…
A
.. whether attached to bones or to internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement.
4
Q
Tendons…
A
..are connective tissue that bind muscles to bones.
5
Q
Ligaments..
A
.. bind bones to other bones.
6
Q
Bone formations is called….
A
Ossification.
7
Q
-clast
A
To break (cellular concept)
8
Q
-clasis
A
To surgical break
9
Q
What represents an area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replaced by new bone tissue as the bone grows; it is commonly know as the growth plate?
A
Epiphyseal Line or Epiphyseal Plate
10
Q
-poiesis
A
Formation
11
Q
The cranial bones join each other at joints called??
A
Sutures
12
Q
Mast/o
A
Breast
13
Q
Styl/o
A
Pole or stake
14
Q
Sphen/o
A
Wedge
15
Q
Ethm/o
A
Sieve
16
Q
Acetabulum
A
Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint.
17
Q
Bone
A
Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton.
18
Q
Epiphysis
A
Each end of a long bone.
19
Q
Orthopedist
A
Medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint and muscle conditions.
20
Q
Calc/o
Calci/o
A
Calcium
21
Q
Kyph/o
Posterior Curvature
A
Humpback, hunchback
22
Q
Lamin/o
A
Laminate
23
Q
Lord/o
Anterior curvature
A
Curve, swayback
24
Q
De-
A
Less or lack
25
-fication
The process of making
26
Lumb/o
Lions, lower back
27
Myel/o
Bone marrow, spinal cord
28
Orth/o
Straight
29
Oste/o
Bone
30
Scoli/o
| Lateral Curvature
Crooked, bent
31
Rachi/o
Spinal column, vertebra
32
Spondyl/o
Vertebr/o
Vertebra
33
-clasis
To surgically break
34
-blast
Embryonic or immature cell
35
-listhesis *
Slipping
36
-malacia
Softening
37
-physis
To grow
38
-porosis
Pore, passage
39
-tome
Instrument to cut
40
Acetabul/o
Acetabulum
Hip socket
41
Calcane/o
Calcaneus
Heel
42
Carp/o
Carpals
Wrist bones
43
Clavicul/o
Clavicle
Collar bone
44
Supra-
Above
45
Cost/o
Ribs
46
Crani/o
Cranium
Skull
47
Femor/o
Femur
Thigh bone
48
Fibul/o
Fibula
Smaller lower leg bone
49
Humer/o
Humerus
Upper arm bone
50
Ili/o
Ilium
Upper part of pelvic bone
51
Ischi/o
Ischium
Posterior part of pelvic bone
52
Malleol/o
Malleolus
Process on each side of ankle
53
Mandibul/o
Mandible
Lower jawbone
54
Maxill/o
Maxilla
Upper jawbone
55
Metacarp/o
Metacarpals
Hand bones
56
Metatars/o
Metatarsals
Foot bones
57
Olecran/o
Olecranon
Elbow
58
Patell/o
Patella
Kneecap
59
Pelv/o
Pelvis
Hipbone
60
Phalang/o
Phalanges
Fingers and/or toe bones
61
Pub/o
Pubis
Anterior part of pelvic bone
62
Radi/o
Radius
Forearm bone- thumb side
63
Scapul/o
Scapula
Shoulder blade
64
Stern/o
Sternum
Breast bone
65
Tars/o
Tarsals
Bones of hindfoot
66
Tibi/o
Tibia
Shin bone
67
Uln/o
Ulna
Forearm bone-little finger side
68
Exostosis
Bony growth (benign) arising from the surface of bone.
69
Fracture
Traumatic breaking of bone.
70
Simple (closed) fracture
The bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin.
71
Compound (open) fracture
The bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through an open wound in the skin.
72
Reduction...
... is restoration of the bone to its normal position.
73
Closed reduction
Is manipulative reduction without a surgical incision.
74
Open reduction
Is an incision made to access fracture site.
75
ORIF
Open reduction/ internal fixation
76
Osteomalacia
Softening of bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in the bone.
77
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.
78
Osteoporosis
Dressed in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone.
79
Bursa
Sac of fluid near a joint; promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another.
80
Articulation
Any kind of joint.
81
Synovial cavity
Space between bones at aa synovial joint; contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane.
82
Ankyl/o *
Stiff, crooked,, bent
83
Arthr/o
Joint
84
Articul/o
Joint
85
Chondr/o
Cartilage
86
Ligament/o
Ligament
87
Ganglion/o
Ganglion
88
Rheumat/o *
Watery flow
89
Synov/o
Synovial membrane
90
Ten/o
Tendon
91
Tendin/o
Tendon
92
-desis *
To bind, tie together
93
-stenosis *
Narrowing
94
Arthritis
Inflammation of any joint.
95
Gouty arthritis (gout)
Inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.
96
Bunion
Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base if the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
97
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist.
98
Dislocation
Displacement of a bone from its joint.
99
Ganglion cyst
Fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons.
100
Herniation of an intervertebral disk (disc)
Abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into spinal canal or spinal nerves.
101
Lyme disease (Lyme arthritis)
Chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise; cause is bacterium carried by a tick.
102
Sprain
Trauma to a joint with swelling and injury to ligaments.
103
Strain
An injury involving the over-stretching of muscle.
104
Systemic lumps erythematosus (SLE)
Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system (CNS), heart and lungs.
105
Striated muscles...
Makes up the voluntary or skeletal muscles that move all bones, as well as controlling facial expression and eye movement. We have conscious control over theses muscles.
106
Smooth muscles
Makes up the involuntary or visceral muscles that contract to move internal organs such as the digestive tract, the walls of blood vessels and secretory ducts leading from glands. These muscles are controlled involuntary because they are not controlled by the conscious mind.
107
Cardiac muscle
Is striated in appearance but is like smooth muscle in its action.
108
The point of junction of the muscle to the bone that moves is called...
Insertion of the muscle.
109
The point of attachment of the muscle to the stationary bone is called..
Origin (beginning) of the muscle.
110
Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two bones; bending a limb.
111
Extension
Increasing the angel between two bones; straightening out a limb.
112
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
113
Adduction
Movement toward the midline of the body
114
Fasci/o
Fascia
115
Fibr/o
Fibrous connective tissue
116
Leiomy/o *
Smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs
117
Plant/o
Sole of foot
118
Rhabdomy/o *
Skeletal (striated) muscle connected to bones
119
Sarc/o
Muscle and flesh
120
-asthenia *
Lack of strength
121
-trophy *
Development, nourishment in cell size
122
Ab-
Away from
123
Ad-
Toward
124
Dorsi-
Back
125
Poly-
Many, much
126
Muscular dystrophy
Groups of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system.
127
EMG
Electromyorgan
128
IM
Intramuscular
129
RA
Rheumatoid arthritis
130
RF
Rheumatoid factor
131
ROM
Range of motion
132
SLE
Systemic lupus erythematosus
133
TMJ
Temporomandibular joint
