Chapter 15: Urinary System Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
albumin/o
A
protein
2
Q
bacteri/o
A
bacteria
3
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder or sac
4
Q
vesic/o
A
bladder or sac
5
Q
dips/o
A
thirst
6
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus (little ball)
7
Q
gluc/o
A
sugar
8
Q
glucos/o
A
sugar
9
Q
glyc/o
A
sugar
10
Q
ket/o
A
ketone bodies
11
Q
keton/o
A
ketone bodies
12
Q
lith/o
A
stone
13
Q
meat/o
A
meatus (opening)
14
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
15
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
16
Q
pub/o
A
pubic bone
17
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis (basin)
18
Q
py/o
A
pus
19
Q
ureter/o
A
ureter
20
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
21
Q
ur/o
A
urine
22
Q
urin/o
A
urine
23
Q
albuminuria
A
presence of albumin in the urine; occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise
24
Q
proteinuria
A
presence of albumin in the urine; occurs in renal disease or in normal urine after heavy exercise
25
anuria
absence of urine formation
26
bacteriuria
presence of bacteria in the urine
27
dysuria
painful urination
28
enuresis
to void urine; involuntary discharge of urine, most often refers to lack of bladder control
29
noctirnal enuresis
bed wetting during sleep
30
hematuria
presence of blood in the urine
31
glucosuria
glucose (sugar) in the urine
32
incontinence
involuntary discharge of urine or feces
33
ketonuria
presence of ketone bodies in the urine
34
nocturia
urination at night
35
oliguria
scanty production of urine
36
polyuria
condition of excessive urination
37
pyuria
presence of white cells in the urine, usually indicating infection
38
urinary retention
retention of urine owing to the inability to void naturally because of spasm, obstruction, etc.
39
adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD)
inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidney, causing destruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure
40
glomerulonephritis
form of nephritis involving the glomerulus
41
hydronephrosis
dilation and pooling of urine in the renal pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys caused by an obstruction in the out flow of urine.
42
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
43
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
44
nephosis
degenerative disease of the renal tubules
45
nephrolithiasis
presence of renal stone or stones caused by mineral buildup in the kidneys-most commonly as a result of hyperuricuria
46
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
47
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
48
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and bladder
49
urethral stenosis
narrowed condition of the urethra
50
urinary trat infection (UTI)
invasion of pathongenic organisms in the strustures of the urinary tract, especially the urethra and bladder
51
uremia
excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney failure
52
azotemia
excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney failure
53
kidney biopsy
kidney biopsy (Bx) removal of kidney tissue for pathological exam
54
cystoscopy
exam of the bladder using a rigid or flexible cystoscope
55
renal biopsy
kidney biopsy (Bx) removal of kidney tissue for pathological exam
56
abdominal sonogram
ultrasound image of the urinary tract including the kidney, ureters, and bladder
57
urinalysis (UA)
physical, chemical, and microscopic exam of urine
58
urine culture and sensitivity (C&S)
isolation of a urine specimen in a culture medium that propagates the growth of microorganisms
59
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood
60
creatinine, serum
test to determine the level of creatinine in the clood-usefule in assessing kidney function
61
creatinine, urine
test to determine the level of creatinine in the urine
62
creatinine clearance testing
measurements of the level of creatinine in the blood and a 24-hours urine specimen to determine the rate that creatinine is "cleared" from the blood by the kidneys
63
urologic endoscopic surgery
use of specialized endoscopes within the urinary tract to perform various surgical procedures, such as resection of a tumor, repair of an obstruction, stone, retrieval, or placement of stent
64
nephrotomy
incision into the kidney
65
nephrorrhaphy
suture of an injured kidney
66
nephrolithotomy
incision into the kidney for the removal of stones
67
nephrectomy
excision of a kidney
68
pyeloplasty
surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis
69
stent placement
use of a device to help open vessels or tubes
70
kidney transplantation
transfer of a kidney from the body of one person to another
71
renal transplantation
transfer of a kidney from the body of one person to another
72
urinary diversion
creation of a temporary or permanent diversion of the urinary tract to provide a new passage through which urine exits the body-used to treat defects or disease such as bladder cancer
73
noncontinent ileal conduit
removal of a portion of the ileum to use as a conduit to which the ureters are attached at one end
74
continent urostomy
internal reservoir constructed from a segment of intestine that diverts urine through an opening that is brought through the abdominal wall
75
orthotopic bladder (neobladder)
bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra, allowing "natural" voiding
76
extracorporeal shock wave lithitripsy (ESWL)
procedure using ultrasound to penetrate the body fro outside and bombard and disintegrate a stone within
77
kidney dialysis
methods of filtering impurities from the blood to replace the function of one or both kidneys due to renal failure
78
hemodialysis
method to remove impurities by pumping the patient's blood through a dialyzer, the specialized filter of the artificial kidney machine
79
peritoneal dialysis
method of removing impurities using the peritoneum as the filter
80
Kegel exercises
specific exercises that strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor to maintain proper organ placement and retain urine
81
urinary catheterization
methods of placing a tube into the bladder to drain or collect urine
82
Foley catheter
indwelling catheter inserted through the urethra into the bladder
83
straight catheter
inserted through the urethra into the bladder to relieve urinary retention or collect a sterile specimen of urine for testing
84
analgesic
drug that relieves pain
85
antibiotic
drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms
86
antispasmodic
drug that relieves spasm
87
diuretic
drug that increases the secretion of urine
