Chapter 10: Nervous System Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
arthr/o
A
articulation
2
Q
cerebell/o
A
cerebellum
3
Q
cerebr/o
A
cerebrum
4
Q
crani/o
A
skull
5
Q
encephal/o
A
entire brain
6
Q
esthesi/o
A
sensation
7
Q
gangli/o
A
ganglion
8
Q
gli/o
A
glue
9
Q
gnos/o
A
knowing
10
Q
hypn/o
A
sleep
11
Q
somn/i
A
sleep
12
Q
somn/o
A
sleep
13
Q
kinesi/o
A
movement
14
Q
lex/o
A
word or phrase
15
Q
mening/o
A
meninges (membrane)
16
Q
meningi/o
A
meninges (membrane)
17
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord or bone marrow
18
Q
narc/o
A
stupor, sleep
19
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
20
Q
phas/o
A
speech
21
Q
phob/o
A
exaggerated fear or sensitivity
22
Q
phor/o
A
carry or bear
23
Q
phren/o
A
mind
24
Q
psych/o
A
mind
25
thym/o
mind
26
schiz/o
split
27
somat/o
body
28
spin/o
spine (thorn)
29
spondyl/o
vertebra
30
vertebr/o
vertebra
31
stere/o
three dimensional or solid
32
tax/o
order or coordination
33
thalam/o
thalamus (a room)
34
ton/o
tone or tension
35
top/o
place
36
ventricul/o
ventricle (belly or pouch)
37
cata-
down
38
-asthenia
weakness
39
-lepsy
seizure
40
-mania
condition of abnormal impulse toward
41
-paresis
slight paralysis
42
-plegia
paralysis
43
catatonia
state of unresponsiveness to one's outside environment, usually including muscle rigidity, staring, and inability
44
delusion
persistent belief that has no basis in reality
45
dysphoria
restless, dissatisfied mood
46
euphoria
exaggerated, unfounded feeling or well-being
47
hallucination
false perception of the senses for which there is no reality, most commonly hearing or seeing things
48
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
condition resulting from an extremely traumatic experience, injury or illness that leaves that sufferer with persistent thoughts and memories of the ordeal
49
phobia
exaggerated fear of a specific object or circumstance that causes anxiety and panic
50
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsessions accompanied by repeated compulsions, which can interfere with all aspects of a person's daily life
51
dyslexia
developmental disability characterized by a difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs, affecting reading, spelling, and self expression.
52
autism
development disability commonly appearing during the first 3 years of life, resulting from a neurological disorder affecting brain function, evidence by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication, and an inability to relate to anything beyond oneself
53
aphasia
condition without speech due to localized brain injury
54
dysarthria
condition of difficult articulation
55
dysphasia
difficulty speaking
56
coma
general term referring to levels of deceased consciousness with varying responsiveness
57
delirium
state of mental confusion die to disturbance in cerebral function
58
dementia
impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion
59
motor deficit
loss or impairment of muscle function
60
sensory deficit
lose or impairment of sensation
61
neuralgia
pain along the course of a nerve
62
paralysis
temporary or permanent loss of motor control
63
flaccid paralysis
defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion
64
spastic paralysis
stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder
65
hemiparesis
partial paralysis of the right or left half the body
66
sciatica
pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve caused by compression trauma of the nerve or its roots
67
seizure
sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from abnormal firing of nerve impulses
68
syncope
fainting
69
tactile stimulation
evoking a response by touching
70
angosia
any of many types of loss of neurological function associated with interpretation of sensory information
71
astereognosis
inability to judge the form of an object to by touch
72
atopomgnosis
inability ro locate a sensation properly, such as to locate a point touched on the body
73
alzheimer disease
disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in a irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual.
74
cerebral palsy
condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth, characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination
75
epilepsy
disorder affecting the central nervous system characterized by recurrent seizures
76
glioma
tumor of glial cells graded by degree of malignancy
77
hydrocephalus
abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor
78
migraine headache
paroxysmal attacks of mostly unilateral headache often accompanies by disordered vision, nausea, or vomiting, lasting hours or days and caused by arteries
79
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
80
narcolepsy
sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis, and dreams intruding while awake
81
parkinson
condition of slowly progressive degeneration of an area of the brainstem resulting in a decrease of dopamine.
82
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord cause by virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
83
polyneuritis
inflammation involving two or more nerves, often owing to a nutritional deficiency such as lack of thiamine
84
sleep apnea
period of breathing cessation that occur during sleeping, often causing snoring
85
spina bifida
congenital defect in the spinal column characterized by the absence of vertebral arches, often resulting in pouching of spinal membranes or tissue
86
electroencephalogram (EEG)
record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain used to identify neurological condition that affect brain function and level of consciousness
87
polysomnography (PSG)
recording of various aspects of sleep to diagnose sleep disorders
88
lumbar puncture (LP)
introduction of a specialized needle into the spine in the lumbar region for diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, such as to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for testing; also called spinal tap
89
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
use of magnetic resonance in imaging of the blood vessels- useful in detecting pathological condition such as atherosclerosis
90
nuclear medicine imaging
radionuclide organ imaging
91
radiography
x-ray imaging
92
deep tendon reflexes (DTR)
involuntary muscle contraction after percussion at a tendon indicating function
93
transcranial sonogram
image made by sending ultrasound beams through the skull to assess blood flow in intracranial vessels-used in diagnosis and management of stroke and head trauma
94
craniectomy
excision of part of the skull to approach the brain
95
craniotomy
incision into the skull to approach the brain
96
laminectomy
excision of one or more laminae if the vertebrae to approach the spinal cord
97
diskectomy
removal of a herniated disk often done percutaneously
98
neuroendovascular surgery
diagnosis and treatment of disorders within cerebral blood vessels performed in specialized angiographic labortory by intercentional neuroradiologists
99
neuroplasty
surgical repair of a nerve
100
spondylosyndesis
spinal fusion- vertebra together bonding
101
analgesic
agent that relieves pain
102
anticoagulant
drug that prevents clotting of the blood; commonly used to prevent heart attack and ischemic stroke
103
anticonvulsant
agent that prevents convulsion
104
hypnotic
agent that induces sleep
105
sedative
agent that has a calming effect
106
mental retardation
condition of subaverage intelligence characterized by an IQ of 70 or below, resulting in the inability to adapt to normal social activities
107
ADHD
dysfunction characterized by consistent hyperactivity and distractibility and lack over impulses.
108
panic disorder
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