Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology Final > Chapter 17: Infectious Diseases Infecting the Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Infectious Diseases Infecting the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

CNS consists of

A
  1. Brain
  2. Spinal Cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PNS consists of

A
  • nerves from the CNS
  • sense organs and periphery of the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Defenses of the nervous system

A
  • Bony casings
    • protect from trauma
  • CSF
    • provides cushioning function
  • Cells that makeup blood vessels (Blood-brain barrier)
    • allow only certain molecules through
  • Macrophages
    • have phagocytic abilities
  • No microorganisms allowed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

These viruses live in a dormant state in the nervous system, but are not considered resident biota

A

Herpes virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Meningitis

A
  • Inflammation of the meninges
    • can be caused by a number of microorganisms and infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Causative agents of Meningitis

A
  1. Streptococcus pneumoniae
    1. small, gram-positive flattened coccus
  2. Neisseria meningitidis
    1. gram-negative diplococci
  3. Haemophilus influenzae virus
    1. very acute but rare since vaccine
  4. Cryptococcus neoformans
    1. fungus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Causative agents of neonatal menigitis

A
  1. Streptococcus agalactiae
  2. Escheria coli
  3. Listeria monocytogenes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Poliomyelitis

A

Acute viral infection of the spinal cord hat can cause neuromuscular paralysis also known as infantile paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cause of poliomyelitis

A
  • Small RNA viruses
    • enterovirus group
    • Picornavirus family (pico=small)
  • highly contagious person to person and via poo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Encephalitis

A
  • inflammation of the brain
    • always a serious condition as tissues of the brain are extremely sensative to the inflammatory response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acute Encephalitis

A
  • almost always caused by viruses borne by insects (arboviruses)
  • West Nile Virus and Herpes Virus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus

A
  • Herpes simplex type 1 and 2 viruses cause

encephalitis in newborns born to HSV-positive mothers

* adults are still suseptible * Varicella-zoster virus can also cause encephilitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Prions

A
  • Proteinaceous infectious particles
    • contain no genetic material
  • causes TSE’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

A

neurodegenerative diseases with long incubation periods but rapid progressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

A

a degenerative neurological disorder that is incurable and invariably fatal also called as human form of mad cow disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rabies

A
  • Slow, progressive zoonotic disease
  • fatal encephalitis
  • fever, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, and other nonspecific symptoms
17
Q

How to treat rabies

A

wound is infused with human rabies immune globulin (HRIG)

18
Q

Tetanus

A

Produces Tetanospasmin powerful neurotoxin and causes Neuromuscular disease also known as “lockjaw”; Neonatal tetanus

19
Q

Causative agent of tetanus

A
  • Clostridium tetani
    • gram+, spore-forming bacillus
20
Q

Tetanus treatment

A

Vaccination

21
Q

Botulism

A
  • produces exotoxin called botulinum toxin ;
  • muscular paralysis, respiratory compromise leading to death.
22
Q

Treatment of botulism

A

CDC maintains supply of antitoxin

23
Q

Which of the following organisms is not a cause of meningitis?

A. Neisseria meningitidis

B. Haemophilus influenzae

C. Cryptococcus neoformans

D. Clostridium tetani

E. Listeria monocytogenes

A

D. Clostridium tetani

24
Q

Causative agents of “Encephalitis”

A
  1. Arboviruses
  2. Herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2
  3. JC virus
25
Q

Causative agents of “Subacute Encephalitis”

A
  1. Toxoplasma gondii
  2. Prions
26
Q

Causative agents of “Meningoencephalitis”

A
  1. Naegleria fowleri
  2. Acanthamoeba
27
Q

Causative agents of Meningitis

A
  1. Neisseria meningitidis
  2. Streptococcus pneumoniae
  3. Haemophilus influenzae
  4. Listeria monocytogenes
  5. Cryptococcus neoformans
  6. Coccidioides species
  7. Various viruses

Microbiology Final (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions