11th American History > chapter 18 > Flashcards

chapter 18 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

year Alexander G. Bell patented the first telephone

A

1876

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2
Q

year the light bulb was invented

A

1879

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3
Q

year the Interstate Commerce Act established the first regulatory agency

A

1887

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4
Q

year of the Sherman Antitrust Act

A

1890

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5
Q

great age of free enterprise capitalism, major technological advancements, and industrial expansion

A

Age of Industry

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6
Q

began the production of the twine binder

A

McCormick Company

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7
Q

______ replaced horses and mules

A

steam, gasoline, and diesel tractors

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8
Q

planting a different crop each year to avoid depleting soil

A

crop rotation

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9
Q

plowing furrows to follow the curve of a hill

A

contour plowing

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10
Q

produced a thornless cactus and new variety of potato

A

Luther Burbank

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11
Q

greatly increased wheat production in the US

A

Mark Carleton

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12
Q

best remembered for his work at Tuskegee Institute and research with the peanut

A

George Washington Carver

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13
Q

________ was established by Congress to study agricultural trends and aid American farmers

A

Department of Agriculture

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14
Q

provided funds for agricultural colleges to establish experimental stations and research better farming methods

A

Hatch Act

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15
Q

established cooperative extension services and made county agents available

A

Smith-Lever Act

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16
Q

groups formed for agricultural training

A

4-H Club, Future Farmers of America (FFA), and Future Homemakers of America (FHA)

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17
Q

patented the first telephone

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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18
Q

telephone company that began in 1877

A

Bell Telephone Company

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19
Q

greatest inventor in history

A

Thomas Edison

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20
Q

invented the incandescent lamp

A

Thomas Edison

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21
Q

ability to make your own economic choices

A

capitalism (free enterprise system)

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22
Q

factors that led to America’s rise to prosperity

A
  1. strong American character
  2. free enterprise system
  3. new inventions/discoveries
  4. abundant natural resources
  5. large labor force
  6. surplus capital
  7. the Civil War
  8. cheap transportation
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23
Q

created a new process to convert iron to steel (1860s)

A

Henry Bessemer and William Kelly

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24
Q

person who organizes and manages a business undertaking

A

entrepreneur

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25
American entrepreneur who became the leading producer of steel in the world
Andrew Carnegie
26
bought Carnegie's company and formed the US Steel Corporation
JP Morgan
27
drilled the U.S.’s first oil well in northwestern Pennsylvania
Edwin Drake
28
owned the Standard Oil Company which controlled 90% of America’s oil production by 1900
John D. Rockefeller
29
a group of unemployed men that marched to the capital in retaliation to the Panic of 1893
Coxey's Army
30
donated millions to church organizations and education institutions
Henry C. Frick
31
______ was known for textiles, shoes, and paper
New England
32
known for iron and steel
Pittsburgh
33
known for meatpacking
Chicago and Kansas City
34
"twin cities"
Minneapolis and St. Paul
35
known for flour mills
Minneapolis and St. Paul
36
known for breweries
Milwaukee and St. Louis
37
the South post Civil War; by 1920, the South produced more textiles than New England
New South
38
center of southern iron and steel
Birmingham
39
Pittsburgh of the South
Birmingham
40
a business that has received a charter from the state government
corporation
41
money used for business operations to make more money
capital
42
partial ownership in a corporation that is sold to earn capital
stock
43
those who purchase stock
stockholders
44
stockholders earn ______ on each share; they can also sell their stock as the value of a business increases
dividends
45
a business owned by 1 person
proprietorship
46
a business owned by 2 or more individuals
partnership
47
several businesses controlled by a board of trustees to eliminate competition
trusts
48
the first trust
Standard Oil
49
large business organizations that provide important commodities; they control a specific market of goods
monopolies
50
Scottish professor of philosophy responsible for the laissez faire policy and one of the earliest advocates of capitalism
Adam Smith (Father of Economics)
51
_______ wrote Wealth of Nations
Adam Smith
52
______ founded the Grange
Oliver Hudson Kelly
53
a pro-farming organization that influenced political decisions
the Grange
54
many Granges founded _____ to help its members
cooperatives (co-ops)
55
the government planned to remove greenbacks from circulation to prevent ______
inflation
56
wanted the government to purchase and coin all silver in America
Free-Silver Movement
57
provided for a limited amount of silver to be minted each month
Bland-Allison Act
58
president assassinated a few months into his presidency
James Garfield
59
Garfield's vice president who finished his term
Chester Arthur
60
president under whom the Grange was founded
Ulysses S. Grant
61
regulated trade on trains between the states
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
62
America's first regulatory agency
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
63
president under whom the government planned to remove greenbacks, the Free Silver Movement, and the Bland-Allison Act occurred
Rutherford B. Hayes
64
president under whom the ICC was created
Grover Cleveland
65
Populist party was under this president
Benjamin Harrison
66
added a higher degree of protection to American industry than any tariff before this
McKinley Tariff
67
rescue mission for the outcasts of society
Pacific Garden Mission
68
first great urban evangelist
D.L. Moody (Ira Sankey was songwriter)
69
Moody of the South
Sam Jones
70
evangelist to remote places
Sheldon Jackson
71
founded the American Red Cross
Clara Barton
11th American History
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