Chapter 18 Flashcards
(20 cards)
ACCORDING TO YOUR TEXTBOOK, ALL BUT WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE AMONG THE FOUR LEADING CAUSES OF SERIOUS ILLNESS AND DEATH AND ARE WORSENED BY THE PRESENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS?
Heart disease
Stroke
Diabetes
Chronic lung disease
Diabetes
_________ PSYCHOLOGY IS THE PSYCHOLOGICALLY BASED ASPECT OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE.
Preventative
Health
Proactive
Mind-Body
Health
A __________ IS A STIMULUS – AN EVENT, A PERSON, AN OBJECT, A SITUATION – THAT WE PERCEIVE AS THREATENING AND/OR CHALLENGING.
stressor
hurdle
major life event
hassle
stressor
DESPITE POSITIVE MISCONCEPTION, STRESS CAN ACTUALLY BE GOOD FOR YOU AND SERVE POSITIVE FUNCTIONS. THE STRESS THAT WE EXPERIENCE IN RESPONSE TO POSITIVE EVENTS IS CALLED __________.
adaptive stress
distress
positive stress
eustress
eustress
05
WHICH STAGE OF THE GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME MIGHT EXPLAIN WHY COLLEGE STUDENTS TEND TO EXPERIENCE A HIGHER RATE OF ABSENTEEISM FROM CLASS AROUND MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM TIME EACH SEMESTER?
Resistance
Exhaustion
Alarm
Surrender
Exhaustion
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND SIGNIFICANT LIFE EVENTS?
Research has shown that the stress caused by positive life events is nearly non-existent when compared to the stress caused by negative or bad life events.
Significant life events can cause significant stress, even if they are good or positive life events.
Research has demonstrated that getting married, having a child, and losing a job are, in that order, the top three stressors reported by most adults.
Significant life events can be more easily described as daily hassles.
Significant life events can cause significant stress, even if they are good or positive life events.
07
EVEN THOUGH HASSLES ARE THOUGHT OF AS MINOR INCONVENIENCES THAT LEAD TO A SMALL AMOUNT OF STRESS, RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT THEY CAN BUILD UP AND CAUSE SIGNIFICANT PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS. IN ADDITION, THE PRESENCE OF __________ FACTORS LIKE LIVING IN AN IMPOVERISHED OR HIGH-CRIME NEIGHBORHOOD CAN COMPOUND THE EFFECT OF HASSLES ON AN INDIVIDUAL.
socioeconomic
occupational
educational
atypical
socioeconomic
ROSALIE IS A RATHER EASY-GOING KIND OF WOMAN. SHE WORKS HARD WHEN SHE’S AT THE OFFICE, BUT SHE REFUSES TO DO MORE THAN 40 HOURS OF WORK PER WEEK. SHE KNOWS THAT SHE COULD EARN MORE MONEY IF SHE WORKED HARDER BUT SHE REALLY VALUES TIME AT HOME WITH HER HUSBAND AND CHILDREN. SHE LIKES TO GARDEN, LISTEN TO MUSIC, AND SIP WINE WHILE SITTING ON HER DECK DURING A SUNSET. ROSALIE EVEN TURNS OFF HER CELL PHONE DURING THE WEEKENDS SO THAT SHE WON’T BE BOTHERED. ROSALIE HAS A __________ PERSONALITY.
type A
type AB
type B
type C
B
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND THE FUNCTIONING OF YOUR BODY’S IMMUNE SYSTEM?
Research has failed to identify a real relationship between these two factors.
Stress causes us to get sick, which activates our immune system
When our immune system fails we get sick, which causes us to experience more stress.
Increased stress compromises our immune system’s ability to do its job fighting illness.
Increased stress compromises our immune system’s ability to do its job fighting illness.
A DEFICIT OF B LYMPHOCYTES WILL LEAVE A PERSON SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE DANGERS OF __________ INFECTIONS.
viral
heavy metal
cerebral
bacterial
bacterial
WHAT IS THE MAJOR DISTINCTION BETWEEN A SOMATOFORM DISORDER AND A PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ILLNESS?
Somatoform disorders last for up to 3 months. After 3 months, the diagnosis is changed to a psychophysiological illness.
Somatoform disorders and psychophysiological illnesses are two names for the same condition. The former is the label that used to be applied, with the latter being the current correct term.
A psychophysiological illness has no identifiable physical cause, while somatoform disorders do have physical explanations and are made worse by the presence of psychological stress.
A somatoform disorder has no identifiable physical cause, while psychophysiological illnesses do have physical explanations and are made worse by the presence of psychological stress.
A somatoform disorder has no identifiable physical cause, while psychophysiological illnesses do have physical explanations and are made worse by the presence of psychological stress.
ONCE AN INDIVIDUAL DETERMINES THAT THE STRESSOR IN HIS OR HER LIFE IS SIGNIFICANT ENOUGH TO REQUIRE SOME RESPONSE, THEY WILL ENGAGE IN A __________ APPRAISAL, IN WHICH THEIR STRESS-COPING RESOURCES ARE EVALUATED TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT TO WHICH THEY WILL BE ABLE TO HANDLE OR DEAL WITH THE STRESSOR.
proactive
defensive
secondary
reactive
secondary
13
__________ COPING IS A COPING STRATEGY THAT INVOLVES FACING A STRESSOR DIRECTLY AND WORKING TO OVERCOME IT.
Reactive
Emotion-focused
Problem-focused
Rational
Rational
BARRY IS CAMPING IN THE WOODS BY HIMSELF WHEN HE HEARS A RUSTLE IN THE BUSHES BEHIND HIM. HE TURNS TO FIND A HUNGRY AND CURIOUS BEAR JUST TEN FEET FROM WHERE HE IS STANDING. IF BARRY IS USING __________-FOCUSED COPING, HE WILL ATTEMPT TO FRIGHTEN THE BEAR OFF SO THAT THE DANGER IS ELIMINATED.
repressive
emotion
problem
cognitive
problem
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED CONTROL AND THE EXPERIENCE OF STRESS?
Research has not revealed any relationship between stress and perceived control.
Stress and control are directly related, meaning that the more control we perceive we have, the more stress we tend to experience.
Experiencing stress in a given situation lowers our perception of the control we have over that stressor.
The perception that one has control over a situation helps reduce the stress caused by that situation.
The perception that one has control over a situation helps reduce the stress caused by that situation.
SOCIAL PROGRAMS DESIGNED TO PAIR NEEDY ANIMALS WITH SENIOR CITIZENS ARE DEMONSTRATING WHICH CONCEPT THAT IS RELATED TO REDUCING STRESS AND PROMOTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING?
Perception of control
Explanatory style
Social support
Anticipatory attributions
Social support
WHY IS REGULAR AEROBIC EXERCISE RECOMMENDED FOR MAINTAINING PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH?
Regular exercise helps to depress the release of the hormone Cortisol, which is commonly described as the stress hormone.
Regular exercise has been found to be a very social event, and so it helps to maintain people’s sense of community and well-being.
Regular exercise has been shown to reduce stress, depression, and anxiety in addition to the physical benefits it brings.
Regular exercise helps to sharpen the five sensory systems so that we can be more in tune with our surroundings, and thus avoid unnecessary stressors.
Regular exercise has been shown to reduce stress, depression, and anxiety in addition to the physical benefits it brings.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES MADE UP THE MAJORITY OF HOW MOST AMERICANS SPEND THEIR FREE TIME?
Socializing and communicating
Watching television
Reading
Participating in sports, exercise, recreation
Watching television
ACCORDING TO YOUR TEXTBOOK, ALL BUT WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS MONITORED DURING BIOFEEDBACK?
Body temperature
Blood pressure
Muscular tension
Heart rate
Body temperature
THE __________ RESPONSE CONSISTS OF REDUCED MUSCLE TENSION, CORTICAL ACTIVITY, HEART RATE, BREATHING RATE, AND BLOOD PRESSURE.
relaxation
transient
serenity
hypoactivity
relaxation
